2022高考英语特殊句式备考纠错讲解（素材）

2022高考英语特殊句式备考纠错笔记 一．纠错一　倒装句中助动词、系动词、情态动词的缺失或主谓不一致 (1)【误】Only when he was 30 years old he begin to learn English. 【正】Only when he was 30 years old did he begin to learn English. [分析]　当only和所修饰的状语位于句首时，引起部分倒装，根据语境可知，主句应用一般过去时，故倒装后应提取助动词did。 (2)【误】Next door to ours lives a foreign couple, who seem to have settled into life in China. 【正】Next door to ours live a foreign couple, who seem to have settled into life in China. [分析]　此句是完全倒装结构，句子的真正主语是a foreign couple，故谓语动词用复数形式live。 [注意]　造成以上错误是因为对倒装句掌握不牢，建议加强对考点一的学习。纠错二　强调句型与三大从句(名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句)的误用 【误】It's more than half a century that my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant of the people. 【正】It's more than half a century since my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant of the people. [分析]　此句是“It is＋一段时间＋since ...”句型。 [注意]　造成以上错误主要是对强调句型的判断方法(详参考点二第4点)认识不清而致，强调句型与三大从句的区别： (1)与名词性从句区别： 强调句型去掉It is/was和that之后，句子结构仍然完整，语义通顺，而名词性从句却不能。 It is there that accidents often happen.(强调句) 正是在那儿经常发生事故。 It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(名词性从句) 英语作为一门国际语言正被广为接受是个事实。 (2)与定语从句区别： 强调句中that没有语义，且不作任何成分，而定语从句中that为关系代词，在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。 It is novels that Miss William enjoys reading.(强调句) 威廉小姐喜欢读的是小说。 It is a question that needs careful consideration.(定语从句) 这是一个需认真考虑的问题。 (3)与时间状语从句区别： 强调句型去掉It is/was和that后，结构完整，而It is ... when ... 中，it指代时间。 It was at six o'clock that I got up today. (强调句) 今天我是在六点起的床。 It was six o'clock when I got up today. (时间状语从句) 今天我起床时已六点了。 纠错三　省略句中to的缺失 【误】She was reading in bed, and her mother told her not. 【正】She was reading in bed, and her mother told her not to. [分析]　动词不定式在like, love, care, want, hope, wish, expect, prefer, refuse, decide, mean, intend, try, promise等动词后作宾语时，为了避免重复，常常省略不定式后的内容，但要保留不定式符号to。 [注意]　加强对考点三“不定式的省略”部分的学习。 纠错四　感叹句中what与how的误用 【误】You simply can't imagine how a wonderful time we have been having! 【正】You simply can't imagine what a wonderful time we have been having! [分析]　句意：你们简直无法想象我们过得有多么愉快！ [注意]　加强对考点四第3点“感叹句”的学习，要熟知其结构，了解how修饰的中心词为形容词或副词，而what修饰的中心词为名词。 纠错五　祈使句、反意疑问句中的常见错误 (1)【误】They don't believe she is an engineer, isn't she? 【正】They don't believe she is an engineer, do they? [分析]　当主句的主语为二、三人称时，其反意疑问句应与主句一致，与从句无关。 (2)【误】Study hard, or you'll succeed. 【误】Studying hard, ... ...