Unit 4 Achievements单元素养评估测试卷（上教版必修二）

Unit 4 Achievements 单元素养评估测试卷 II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Over-dried Earth The south-west of the United States, together with some parts of Mexico across the Rio Grande, is one of the driest parts of the North American continent. But, over the past two decades, even that expected dryness ___21___ (take) to the limit. According to Park Williams, who works at Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, the current lack of rainfall in the area constitutes a megadrought of a severity ___22___(see) on only four other occasions in the past 1,200 years. Dr Williams studies the annual growth rings of 1,586 ancient trees, in order to reconstruct soil-moisture patterns going back to 800 A.D. During warm, wet years trees grow fast, producing wide rings. During cold, dry ___23___ they grow more slowly, producing narrow rings. During a drought, a tree ___24___ not grow much at all. ___25___they describe in this week’s Science, the team identified dozens of droughts over the centuries in question. But four stood out. They then took the average soil-moisture value for the current drought and compared it with sequential（连续的） 19-year averages with the previous four, one of them ___26___(last) nearly a century. This showed that the region is already drier than it was during the first three of the previous megadroughts, and is equivalent to the event of 1575-1603. In a world ___27___ human actions are driving temperatures up, Dr Parker and his colleagues wondered how much people are ___28___(blame) for this state of affairs. To estimate that, they turned to climate modelling. Climate models are able to re-run the past with and ___29___ the warming effects of human activity, offering a way to compare what actually happened with what might have done. In their simulated world in which anthropogenic（人类起源的） emissions had not increased the greenhouse-gas effect, the team found that a drought did indeed still influence the western reaches of North America during the first two decades of the 21st century. But this imaginary dry spell was considerably ___30___(severe) than the real one-ranking 11th rather than 2nd in the period under study (see chart). 【答案】21. has been taken 22. seen 23. ones 24. might /may 25. As 26. lasting 27. where 28. to blame 29. without 30. less severe 【解析】 本文是说明文。文章以美国和墨西哥的部分地区为例，讲述了科学家对过度干燥的地球的研究。研究表明，人类活动对于对球变得过热起到了推动的作用。 【21题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：但是，在过去的二十年中，预期的干旱也已达到极限了。由时间状语over the past two decades可知，句子使用现在完成时，主语dryness承受动词take的动作，谓语动词使用被动语态，并且主语为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。 ... ...