2022届高考英语二轮复习：被动语态学案

高考英语 7. 被动语态 2021-7-26路晓 1．英语有两种语态，主动语态和被动语态。 汉语中常用“被”.“给”.“由”.“受”等词用来表示动,而英语用:助动词be +及物动词的过去分词构成。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者-- They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动) 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者-- A new bridge over the river. (by them)(被动) 二．构成：助动词+及物动词过去分词-- be+Ved My aunt invited me to her party. → I (by my aunt ) to her party. 主语 谓语 宾语 主语 谓语 宾语 1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。 2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态be +Ved,时态与原句保持一致。 3.把主动语态的主语变为by的宾语,by可省略。 三．被动语态的使用 一般时 进行时 完成时 现在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done has/have been done 过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done 将来 shall/will be done shall/will have been done 被动语态的时态,人称和数的变化主要在be上,以give为例--give-gave-given He gives me a book--He gave me a book--A book was given to me 1.一般现在时： am /is /are +given 2.一般过去时： was /were +given 3.一般将来时： shall /will +be+given 4. 时： should/would +be+given 5.现在进行时： am/ is/are + being +given --is doing+be ved 6.过去进行时： was/were + being +given 7. 时： have/has + been +given --have done+be ved 8.过去完成时： had +been +given 9. 时： shall /will + have been +given 10.过去将来完成时： should/would+have been +given ［注］被动语态没有11.将来进行时和12.过去将来进行时。 四．被动语态常用的八种时态 1. 一般现在时： In our daily life, many accidents are caused by careless driving.. 2. 一般过去时： The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month. 3. 一般将来时： More expressways will be built in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy. 4. 过去将来时： The manager said the project would be completed by 2020. 5. 现在进行时： Effective measures are being taken by the local government to reduce the smog. 6. 过去进行时： Trees were being planted here this time last year. 7. 现在完成时： The price must have been brought down. 8. 过去完成时： His newly written novel had been translated into English by the end of last month. 9. 情态动词被动： Your compositions must be handed in after class A.The baby should _____ (take)good care of by the baby-sitter. B.To my delight，I (choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony. C. We are to put off the meeting till Friday.--The meeting _____ (put off ) till Friday. 2016-1语法填空15分 1.The title will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. Office-officer-official-officially 2.So it was a great honor to be invited at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I 62 （allow）to get close to these animals. 3. I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 4. A study ____(conduct) by a company names Yangshuo as a great destination. 2015-1 5.we ____(allow) by them to enter the room. 谓语--be+Ved 定语 Ved by They are required 63 (process) the food. When fat and s ... ...