2022年高考英语语法满分秘籍1：动词时态和语态（学生版+解析版）

高考语法考点1 动词时态和语态 【语法精讲】 一、谓语动词 (一)动词的时态和语态 考点解读 时态的考查主要是一般现在时和一般过去时； 考查被动语态的用法； 主谓一致的考查 走进高考 1. （2021年新高考全国1卷语法填空）What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ____61____ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 2. （2021年浙江卷语法填空）It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, ___36___ （prove）irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. ……. When the house was built, it was much smaller than it is today. Mary's niece wrote, "The little home ___40___ （paint）white. （2021年高考全国甲卷语法填空）The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It ___41___ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). ……. We ___46___ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. 要点一　各种时态与语态的构成 现在 过去 将来 过去将来 主动 被动 主动 被动 主动 被动 主动 被动 一般 do/does am/is/are done did was/were done shall/ will do shall/will be done should/ would do should/would be done 进行 am/is/ are doing am/is/are being done was/were doing was/were being done shall/will be doing shall/will be being done should/would be doing should/would be being done 完成 has/ have done has/have been done had done had been done shall/will have done shall/will have been done should/would have done should/would have been done 完成 进行 has/have been doing \ had been doing \ shall/will have been doing \ should/would have been doing \ 要点二　各种时态的用法 考点一 一、一般现在时 1．表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always, every time, now and then, occasionally, often, seldom, never, sometimes, usually, every day/night等连用。 ◆ （2021年北京卷语法填空） As it ____13____ (connect) things，your brain tums them into a story,and you get a dream． 【解析】 connects 考查时态。句意：当它连接事物时，你的大脑将它们变成一个故事，然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语动词tums可知，空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称单数it，所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填connects。 2．按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作，用一般现在时。只限于go, arrive, leave, start, stay, return, begin, come, close等动词。 ◆The shop closes at 11：00 p．m.every day. 这家商店每天晚上11点关门。 3．在时间、条件或让步状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。 ◆(江苏卷)The president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he started. 这位总统希望人民在他离任时比他刚上任时更富有。 动词第三人称单数的变化规则 一般情况直接加 s work→works　get→gets say→says　　 read→reads 结尾为 s, x, sh, ch或 o，在词尾加 es discuss→discusses wash→washes　fix→fixes teach→teaches　 go→goes 结尾为“辅音字母＋y”，变y为i再加 es carry→carries　study→studies try→tries　 fly→flies cry→cries 　二、一般过去时 1．表示 ... ...