Unit12 Life is full of the unexpected.单元知识小结

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 Unit12 单元知识小结 【语块梳理】 take a shower 洗淋浴 by the time ... 在……以前 alarm clock 闹钟 go off (闹钟)发出响声 wake up 醒来 put on some clothes 穿上衣服 rush out of the door 冲出门外 give ... a lift 捎……一程 at least 至少 be five minutes late for class 上课迟到5分钟 be full of ... 充满…… even though 即使；尽管 wait in line with ... 与……一起排队等待 go on 继续；发生 stare at sb. / sth. 盯着某人 / 某物 in disbelief 不信；怀疑地 jump out of bed 从床上跳下来 go straight to the airport 直奔机场 miss my plane 误了飞机 think to oneself 心中想；盘算 wait till the next day 等到第二天 hear about 听说 the day before 前一天 turn into 变成 show up 露面；赶到 by the end of 在(某时间点)以前 get dressed 穿上衣服 costume party 化装舞会 stay up all night 整晚熬夜 April Fool's Day 愚人节 an introduction to ... 对……的介绍 take place 发生 sell out 卖光 lose weight 减肥 find out 弄清；查明 get married 结婚 cancel his show 取消他的节目 hundreds of 成百上千的；数以百计的 thousands of 成千上万的；数以千计的 police officers 警官 rush to ... 匆忙去…… more than 超过；多于 run away from 逃离 on the first day of school 在上学第一天 turn around 转向；回转 hand in 上交　 keep doing sth. 一直做某事 be about to do sth. 正要做某事 end up doing sth. 以做某事告终 【语法重点】 过去完成时 一、过去完成时的构成 助动词had+过去分词 二、过去完成时的用法 1. 表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作或状态，即这一动作或状态发生的时间是“过去的过去”。如： I forgot to tell you that I had read this novel before. 2. 表示一个动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且到那时还未结束，仍有继续下去的可能性。如： Luke had been in China for seven years by the end of last year. 三、一些使用过去完成时的常见情况 1. 由by(在某时前，到某时)构成的短语表示过去的时间时，句子常用过去完成时。如： By ten o'clock yesterday evening, she had finished her homework. 2. 由by the time (在……以前)和when / before引导的时间状语从句使用了一般过去时，而主句的动作发生在从句动作之前，此时主句用过去完成时。如： By the time I got home, my father had left for New York. Ann had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came. Tim had rushed out of the door before I could stop him. 3. 在含有宾语从句的复合句中，主句使用了一般过去时，而从句的动作发生在主句动作之前，此时从句用过去完成时。如： The Smiths were glad to know that their son had won the competition. 【链接】现在完成时与过去完成时的区别 现在完成时表示的动作发生在说话之前某个没有明确说出的过去时间，侧重过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响或造成的结果，与现在有关；过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，它是一个相对的时态，不能离开过去的时间而独立存在。如： We have lived here for ten years. We had lived here for ten years when we had to move last year. 【重点讲解】 1. alive alive作形容词，可意为“活着”，在句中常作表语或宾语补足语。有这种用法的形容词还有：alone (孤独的)，asleep (睡着)，awake (醒着)等。 【运用】选词填空，可重复使用 asleep, alive, awake, alone A: Linda, are you still (1)_____ B: Yes ... ...