专题03 形容词和副词【2022年高考英语备考：必备知识点】

考点03 形容词和副词 一、平级比较 1. ＂as＋形容词＋(a/an)＋名词＋as＂表示同级比较，注意中间的形容词和名词并列时各自所在的位置。 It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science. 人们普遍认为，教学是一门科学，同时也是一门艺术。 2. ＂as＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂与＂not as/so＋形容词/副词的原级＋as＂表示同级比较，即两个或两部分人或物在性质上或程度上相同(不同)。 The work is not as/so difficult as you imagine. 这项工作不是像你想像的那么难。 【特别提醒】 as+形容词+as+数量词=数量词+形容词。如： The building is as tall as 100 meters. = The building is 100 meters tall. 这栋楼有100米。 二、比较级 1. 比较级的修饰语有: rather, much，still, any(否定句、疑问句中), even, far, a lot，a bit, a little, a great deal等。 He is much taller than Yao Ming. 他比姚明高多了。 The book is better by far than that one.这本书比那本书要好得多。 2. 比较级的常见结构： （1）“比较级+than”结构可以表达一方超过或低于另一方的情况。 You look much younger than I do. 你看上去比我年轻多了。 She doesn’t work harder than you. 她工作不如你努力。 （2）由more, fewer, less+名词构成的比较级 ①more “比……多”，后接复数名词或不可数名词 I have more news books than my cousin. He has more milk than I . ②less “比……少”，后接不可数名词 He has less water than me. ③fewer“比……少”，后接复数名词 They have fewer flowers than we . 3. 比较级的特殊结构 （1）The more…,the more…表示“越……,就越……”(more代表比较级) The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越细心，你犯的错误就越少。 The happier you are, the more friends you will make. 你越快乐，你将会交越多的朋友。 2.“比较级+比较级”和“more and more+多音节词原级”表示“越来越……” Our school is cleaner and cleaner. 我们的校园越来越干净。 Our city becames more and more beautiful. 我们的城市变得越来越漂亮。 3.＂the＋比较级＋of the two ＋名词＂表示＂两者中较……的那个＂。 The taller of the two boys is my brother. 两个男孩中较高的那位是我哥哥。 4. “no +比较级+than”结构表示“和……一样不……” “not +比较级+than”结构意为“不及”，表示前者不如后者 You are no taller than I. 你和我一样矮。 My handwriting is not better than yours. 我的书法没有你的好。 三、最高级 1. 最高级的修饰语常见的有：序数词，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not really，not quite，nothing like。 The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River. 目前正在建的那座桥是横跨黄河之上的桥当中最长的桥。 I’d like to buy the second most expensive camera. 我想买仅次于最贵的照相机。 2. 最高级意义的表达法 ①the +最高级+比较范围 This apple is the biggest of the five. ②never…a(n)+比较级+可数名词单数 I have never read a better book than this. ③ 比较级＋than＋any other＋单数名词 比较级＋than＋all the other＋复数名词 比较级＋than＋anyone else 比较级＋than＋any of the other＋复数名词 比较级＋than＋the rest of＋复数名词或不可数名词 eg: 朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。(一句多译) ①Julia is taller than any other girl in her class. ②Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class. ③Julia is taller than any of the other girl ... ...