非谓语动词

课件31张PPT。非谓语动词语法讲解I.非谓语动词时态、语态形式对照表：▲在成份上非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.1.To see you is glad. =It’s glad to see you. 2.I want to see you. 3.I want him to see you. 4.My hope is to see you. 5.He is the man to see you. 6.I’m glad to see you. 7.I went to see you. 8.He went so early as to see you（作主语）(作宾语）（作宾补）(作表语）（作定语）（作原因状语）（作目的状语）（作结果状语） 1.This cup is broken. 2.This is a broken cup. 3.I found the cup broken. 4.Broken by Tom, the cup can’t be used. ★过去分词一般不作主语、宾语.(作表语）(作定语)(作宾语补足语）(作状语）1.Swimming is his favorite sport. 2.He enjoys swimming. 3.I found him swimming in the river. 4.His favorite sport is swimming. 5.He is the man swimming in the river just now. 6.Swimming in Summer, we can get cool.(作主语）(作宾语）(作宾补）(作表语）(作定语）(作状语） ▲在时态上 1.China is a developing country =a country which is developing. 2.Japan is a developed country =a country which has developed. 3.I found him gone. =that he had gone.(表完成）ing分词表“进行” ed分词表“完成”▲在语态上，ing分词表“主动”，ed分词表“被动”（多为及物动词）1.I saw him writing a short novel. =that he was writing a short novel. 2.He was reading a novel written by Charles Dickens. =which was written by Charles Dichens. ▲在概念上，ing.表“抽象、习惯”,不定式表“具体、偶然、将来”. *Swimming (抽象）is my favorite sport and I like swimming(习惯）every day, but I don’t like to swim(具体）today, I would like to swim(将来）tomorrow.▲ed+主句（不强调时间先后）;Being ed+主句（强调主句和从句动作同时发生）;Having been ed+主句（强调时间先后）如不强调时间先后可用ed,一般式来代替. 1.Used as a means of traffic in China, the bike is very useful. 2.Being used by me now, the bike can’t be lent to you. 3.Having been used for many years, the bike needs repairing. 4.Written in simple English, the book is easy to read. 5.Having been told several times, 可以写成=Told several times, he couldn’t understand what I meant. 7.非谓语动词的用法区别不定式和动名词作宾语的区别：⑴.下列动词常用不定式作宾语： aim ,ask, dare ,appear, arrange ,demand, help, hesitate, pay, plan, wait, fail, seek, prepare, happen, mean, prove, expect, wish, hope, decide, refuse, offer, learn, agree, choose, promise, pretend, manage, care, determine, afford等。 如：He offered to help us . I didn't expect to find you here． They refused to accept his invitation． The little boy pretended to be asleep when his mother came in．(2)下列动词通常用~ing形式作宾语：admit, report, appreciate, deny, explain, mention, resist, stand, stop, imagine, recall, suggest, mind, finish, enjoy, keep, practise, miss, avoid, delay, excuse, escape, consider, advise等。 如：Would you mind my smoking here ? The girl was told to practise playing the piano for three hours every day． Good news keeps coming. Tina suggested spending the weekend on her farm． Have you finished correcting the students’ papers?(3)下列动词 ... ...