unit8 new ideas and inventions（教案）

Unit 8 New ideas and inventions Section one Step I. Study the new words. Step II. Reading Read through the whole text and let them do the following simple questions decide T or F. 1. These ancient alchemists made the first explosives. 2. The ancient Chinese realized that the mixture could be used on something different at once. 3. At first the Chinese used new material to make the fireworks. 4. Bacon got credit for making the black powder because he used his invention. 5. Alfred Nobel left his money for prize after he died. Read the text more carefully and then find out the following phases: 1. burst into 2. burn down 3. be pleased with 4. over and over 5. look into 6. put one’s mind 7. speed up 8. be connected to 9. stay in shape 10. take in 11. break off 12. so far Step III. Practice 1. Translate the following phrases, compare verb+ing and verb+ed. boiling water _____ boiled water _____ a boring book _____ a bored reader _____ a closed store _____ the closing time _____ 2. 动词-ed形式接触：找出下列句子的-ed形式，揣摩其用法。 (1) The mixture started to bubble and boil. (2) They finally designed a weapon that was powerful. (3) They took a hollowed piece of bamboo and filed it with the powder. (4) Then they stuffed arrows in it. (5) One-hundred years later, a man named Berthold Shwarts looked into this black powder. (6) It could be used to blow stones out of the ground. Step IV. Grammar: 过去分词作定语、表语 过去分词分为及物动词的过去分词和不及物动词的过去分词；及物动词的过去分词作句子的表语和名词的定语及物动词的过去分词时，强调该动作完成和被动；而不及物动词的过去分词则仅仅强调该动作已经完成，如 fallen leaves（落叶） ,the risen sun（升起的太阳）, frozen milk（冰牛奶）, boiled water（凉开水）等。高考主要考察及物动词的过去分词作句子的表语和定语的用法。 Section Two and Section Three Step I. Study the new words. Step II. 难句分析 1. Some ancient Chinese alchemists were mixing some ingredients together to form something（they thought would make them live forever）. （1）省略了定语从句引导词that。 （2）尽管that在定语从句中并不作宾语，但是由于插入成分they thought的介入，使得做主语的that带有宾语的特征。定语从句可还原为They thought the thing would make them live forever. 其中the thing由that替代，做thought支配的宾语从句的主语。 2. 两个that前一个引导宾语从句，后一个引导定语从句。划横线的短语的句子成分是 状语，修饰动词realized。 Step III. Practice 1. 短语比较 (1) 沸水, 开水 (2) 一本令人厌烦的书, 一个烦透了的读者； (3) 关门的商店, 关门时间 2. 找出下列句子的-ed形式，指出其用法。 (1) The mixture started to bubble and boil. (2) They finally designed a weapon that was powerful. (3) They took a hollowed piece of bamboo and filed it with the powder. (4) Then they stuffed arrows in it . (5) One-hundred years later, a man named Berthold Shwarts looked into this black powder. (6) It could be used to blow stones out of the ground. Step IV. Grammar: 语法难点 1. 表能力can 和 could可与be able to互换。can只用于现在式和过去式（could）; be able to可以用于各种时态。例如：They ... ...