2022年高考英语语法知识点讲解-综合时态（现在完成+过去完成+将来完成+过去将来） （现在完成+过去完成+将来完成+过去将来） 动词时态的用法 六、现在完成时 六、现在完成时 1.基本用法 （1）表示现在为止刚刚完成的动作。 He has bought a new car recently.他最近买了辆新车。 I haven’t heard from Jane lately.我最近没收到珍妮的信。 （2）表示过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态。 I have collected coins for many years.我收集硬币有很多年了。 George has been in business since he finished college.乔治大学毕业之后就一直经商。 I have studied English since 2005.我从2005年起就学习英语。 Up to now，the work has been easy.到现在为止这工作还算容易。 2.现在完成时常用状语 recently 近来 lately 最近 so far/up till/until now 到目前为止 in recent years 在最近几年里 in the past/last few years 在过去的几年里 3.延续性动词和非延续性动词 （1）延续性动词：可与for，since引导的状语连用。 drink 喝 eat 吃 fly 飞 have 有 keep 保持know 知道 lie 躺着 live 住 play 玩 rain 下雨 read 读 run 跑 sing 喝 sleep 睡觉 smoke 抽烟 snow 下雪 stand 站 talk 说 wait 等 walk 走 wear 穿 work 工作 We’ve lived here since 1990.从1990年起我们就在这里住了。 I’ve known him for many years.我认识他有许多年了。 He has been here for a week.他已来了一个星期。 I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。 （2）非延续性动词：不能与for，since引导的状语连用。 admit 承认 arrive 到达 begin 开始 borrow 借 buy 买 break 打破 close 关闭 come 来 die 死 fall 倒 go 走 hit 击中 join 加入 jump 跳 leave 离开 lose 丢 marry 结婚 open 打开 put 放 start 开始 stop 停 He has always gone to work by bike.他总是骑自行车上班。 I’ll go to bed when I’ve finished my homework.我做完作业后就上床睡觉。 The ship has just arrived from Tanzania.这艘轮船刚从坦桑尼亚到达这里。 Has your brother left school yet？ 你兄弟已经毕业了吗？ （3）相互替代的延续性动词和非延续性动词 续表 The old man died 4 years ago.老人四年前去世的。（非延续性） The old man has been dead for 4 years.（延续性） He joined the Party 2 years ago.两年前他入党了。（非延续性） He has been in the Party for 2 years.（延续性） I bought the book 5 days ago.五天前我买的这本书。（非延续性） I have had the book for 5 days.（延续性） （4）have gone to 与have been to的区别 He has been to Paris three times.他去过巴黎三次了。 He has gone to Paris now.他现在去巴黎了。 【提示】 后接here，there，home等地点副词时，要省略to。 I have been here only once.我只去过一次。 He’s gone home already.他已经回家了。 4.现在完成时的常用句式 （1）in/for/during the past/last ...years，意为“在过去……年中”。 In the past two years I’ve seen him little.过去两年我很少见到他。 I have been here （for）the last/past month.最近一个月里我都在这儿。 （2）It’s/will be the first time that ...have done ...，意为“第一次……”。 It’s the first time I’ve come here.这是我第一次来这儿。 It is the third time that I have visited your beautiful city. 这是我第三次参观 ... ...
