初中英语语法精通 专题三 句法(1) 句子成分和简单句(word版，含答案）

初中英语语法系列 专题三 句法(1) 句子成分和简单句 Part 1从简单句了解句子成分 简单句的五大基本句型 主语+系动词+表语(“主系表”) 可以得出的结论： 主语是放在谓语动词之前的成分，是动作的发出者 宾语是放在谓语动词后面的成分，是动作的接受者 主语+谓语(“主谓”) 主语+谓语+宾语(“主谓宾”) 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语(“主谓宾宾”) 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语(“主谓宾宾补”) 除上述之外的句子成分还有定语、状语、同位语等。 主语 主语充当词： He will go to the cinema this evening. 人称代词(主格) 代词 Your book is old, but mine is new. 名词；名词性物主代词 These are my favorite vegetables. 指示代词 That is a beautiful bridge. 指示代词 Something interesting always attracts people's eyes. 不定代词 What is the most important quality of a top student 疑问代词 Whatever does harm to health should be clear enough. 主句的主语：从句；从句的主语：连接代词 I have had the book which cost me five dollars for five years. 主句的主语：人称代词；从句的主语：关系代词 I bought many oranges, and one is for you. 人称代词；替代词 When and where to go is discussed by my family. 短语 To go to the beach makes everyone excited. 不定式 非谓语 Having a daughter is my mother’s wish. doing(动名词) Doing a lot of homework is not as tiring as doing a lot of housework. doing(动名词) Doing exercises and having a good diet are important to children. doing(动名词) Water is an important natural resource. 名词 名词或名词短语 This house is near the river. 名词(带定语) My father's shoes are lying outside the door. 名词(带定语) The cat and the dog are fighting with each other. 名词(并列) Eight is my lucky number. 数词 The young play an important role in our society. 名词化的形容词 The disabled need our help. 名词化的过去分词 The ups and downs are part of life. 名词化的介词 To Beijing is not very far. 介词短语 我们把能做主语的结构都看做带有名词属性 EXERCISE 1 一、单选题 1._____ a good virtue(德行) to be kind and honest to others. A. This is B. It is C. It has D. There is 2.— _____is the population of your town, Li Kai — It's over sixty thousand. A. How many B. How much C. What D. How 3.There are a lot of _____. It's cloudy. A. snow B. rain C. wind D. clouds 4.Is there _____ you want us to do A. anything else B. else anything C. something else D. else something 5.It is polite _____ a gift when you visit somebody for the first time. A. take B. taking C. to taking D. to take 6.It's a good idea _____ English by watching English films. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 7._____ the students in our grade are 14 years old, and the rest _____ 15. A. Hundreds of; are B. Two hundred; is C. Two hundreds of; is D. Two hundred of; are 8._____ the salad in the fridge for a while can make it _____ nicer. A. Keep; taste B. Keeping; taste C. Put; taste D. Putting; to taste 9.Listen!_____ is coming near. It may be Li Hua. A. Anyone B. Someone C. Everyone D. No one 10.Drive slowly! Look! There is _____ in the middle of the road. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything 二、单词拼写（词汇运用） 1.As we kn ... ...