第2讲 无提示词类 先定填哪类词 → 再定填哪个词 (一) 根据句子本身的含义 考点1 填冠词 1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)The plum trees are __70__ first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化). 解析 the 考查定冠词。序数词前加定冠词the，表示“第几个”，故填the。 2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)When we got a call saying she was short listed, we thought it was __69__ joke. 解析 a 考查不定冠词。joke “笑话，玩笑”，是可数名词。设空后的joke为单数，故填a。 3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)Unexpectedly, I'm face to face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at __62__ top of her lungs. 解析 the 考查定冠词。at the top of one's lungs “以某人最大音量”，为固定短语。故填the。 若设空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，则一般填冠词。此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。 考点2 填介词 1．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Bamboo plants are associated __67__ health, abundance and a happy home. 解析 with 考查介词。be associated with ... “与……相联系”，为固定搭配。 2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack __63__ dogs, seven to be exact. 解析 of 考查介词。a pack of “一群……”，为固定搭配。 3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I was searching __67__ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. 解析 for 考查介词。search for “寻找，搜寻”，为固定搭配。 当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一般填介词。高考语法填空中对介词的考查侧重固定搭配或习惯用法，平时应注意积累。 考点3 填代词 1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Running is cheap, easy and ... If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give __70__ a try. 解析 it/running 考查代词。此处号召我们尝试一下跑步这种运动，因此可用it指代running，也可直接填running。 2．(2018·浙江高考)Many westerners 57.who/that come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap __58__ can be to eat out. 解析 it 考查形式主语。正常语序为it can be how cheap to eat out，其中不定式为真正的主语，it为形式主语。故填it。 当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填入代词或名词。高考侧重对it作形式主语、宾语的考查，近几年对人称代词、不定代词的考查往往会给提示词。 (二) 根据上下句的逻辑关系 考点1 填关系词/连接词 1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)In ancient China lived an artist __61__ paintings were almost lifelike. 解析 whose 考查定语从句的引导词。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故填whose。 2．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, __62__ she opened with her late husband Les. 解析 which 考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，the pet shop是先行词，定语从句中缺少宾语，故填which。 3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)I'm not sure __61__ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩)that suddenly appears out of nowhere. 解析 who 考查宾语从句的连接词。此处表示“我不知道谁更害怕”，设空处引导宾语从句，意为“谁”，故填who。 高考一般侧重考查定语从句的引导词，名词性从句和状语从句的关联词亦会涉及。另外根据近几年高考语法填空的设空特点 ... ...
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