专题二 阅读七选五 策略综述 1．变化：篇幅、考查形式和方向总体变化不大，分值和难度略有增加。 2．体裁：趋向说明文，主题多是社会生活和文化科技，逐渐向高校校本过渡。 3．选材：注重两方面，一是贴近生活、新颖的材料；二是结构严谨、逻辑严密、层次分明，突出篇章结构，侧重逻辑思维能力的考查。 以考查段中为主(约占60%)，段首和段尾为辅，一般不涉及非完整句的考查；以考查细节句为主，过渡句和主旨句为辅，预计仍将为此趋势。 真题导练 (2020·新高考山东卷)Some individuals are born with a gift for public speaking. __16__ Do you want to be a good public speaker Here are some principles you must master. People want to listen to someone who is interesting, relaxed and comfortable. Too often, when you stand up to give a speech, you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking.” __17__ Focus on the speaking. Talk directly to your audience, be yourself and make a connection. Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People's attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker's message. So, don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one. __18__ Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. __19__ And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis. __20__ It's rare to hear someone say, “I wish that speaker had spoken longer.” On the other hand, you probably can't count the times that you've thought, “I'm glad that talk is over. It seemed to go on forever！” So surprise your audience. Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. It's better to leave your listeners wishing for more than shifting restlessly in their seats waiting for your speech finally to end. A．Do the opposite. B．You want to be an effective public speaker. C．You don't need to apologize for a minor slip. D．When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more. E．The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. F．Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners. G．However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be. 第一步：速读全文，了解大意，掌握结构 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了成为优秀演讲者的几个原则。为总—分结构。 第二步：根据设题位置，结合上下文语境，理清逻辑关系 段首类多关注与下文的关系 20．设空处应为该段的主题句，根据下文中的“It's rare to hear someone say, ‘I wish that speaker had spoken longer.’”及“Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated.”可知，本段的主要内容应是缩短你的演讲。因此D项最能概括本段内容。 段中类多关注上文的逻辑关系 16．上文提到有些人生来就有演讲天赋；下文陈述了成为演说家的原则，上下文之间为转折关系。据此可推知普通人经过训练也可以成为演说家。故选G。 17．上文提到，很多时候，当你站起来演讲时，你会把注意力放在“听众”身上，而不是“演讲”上；下文提到要把注意力放在演讲上，直接和你的听众交谈，做你自己并建立联系。据此可推知 ... ...
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