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高考英语语法核心考点专项复习数词知识点整理总结素材

日期:2024-06-17 科目:英语 类型:高中素材 查看:27次 大小:22651Byte 来源:二一课件通
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高考,英语,语法,核心,考点,专项
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高考语法核心考点专项复习(04)数词知识点整理总结 概述:表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫数词(numerals)。数词与不定代词很相似,其用法相当于名词与形容词。 英汉两种文字在数词方面有较大区别,在英语数词运用过程中应注意表示数目多少的基数词、表示顺序先后的序数词、分数的构成和用法,以及hundred,thousand, million, dozen, 和 score的复数形式等。 1. 基数词 1). 基数词英语表达方式。百位数与十位数之间用and 连接;十位与个位之间用“-”连接。 (1). 1—12 的基数词是:one 1 two2 three 3 four 4 five 5 six 6 seven 7 eight 8 nine 9 ten 10 eleven 11 twelve 12 (2). 13—19, 皆由3—9加后缀-teen构成,即: thirteen13 fourteen 14 fifteen 15 sixteen 16 seventeen 17 eighteen 18 nineteen 19 (3). 20—90 等十位数均由2—9加后缀 –ty构成,即:twenty20 thirty 30 forty 40 fifty 50 sixty 60 seventy 70 eighty 80 ninety 90 (4). 21—29由十位数 20加个位数 1—9构成,中间须有连字符 “-”,即:twenty-one 21 twenty-two 22 twenty-three23 twenty-four 24 twenty-five 25 twenty-six 26 twenty-seven 27 twenty-eight28 twenty-nine 29 其他的十位数照此类推。 (5). 百位数由1—9加 hundred 构成,如包含十位数及个位数,中间用and连接,也可以不用,如只包含个位数,即十位数为零时,则and不可省。如: a (one) hundred 100 two hundred 200 three hundred 300 seven hundred and eight 708 a (one) hundred (and) forty-five 145 six hunred (and) ninety-two 692 thousand , million, billion的表达法与hundred相同。 2). hundred, thousand , million , billion, dozen 和 score 等量词前有具体数目时,不加 –s;表不确定数目时, 常用复数形式, 且与of 连用。如: two ( many /several ) dozen books(二十四本书/许多打书/好几打书) three hundred people(三百人) hundreds of people(几百人) scores /dozens of people(许多人)等。 又如: --How many times have you seen her --Oh, hundreds of times, I think. -你见过他多少次? -哦,我想有几百次吧。 He bought two dozen copies of the magazine . 他买了两打这种杂志。 注: a. dozen表示具体数目时一般后面不加介词of,若dozen位于these, those,them, us前,dozen后必须要加of 。如:a dozen of these apples ; three dozen of them by the dozen=in (one’s) dozens(成打地)等。又如: Shortly after the accident, two dozen police were sent to the spot to keep order . 事故一发生,二十四名警察就被派往出事地点维持秩序。 Shortly after the accident, dozens of police were sent to the spot to keep order. 事故一发生,许多警察就被派往出事地点维持秩序。 b. score表示具体数目时一般后面要加介词of,若score后还有具体数目连用,则不加of 如: two score of apples(四十个苹果) three score and ten people(五十个人) by the score=in (one’s) scores(二十二十地)等。又如: There were two score of people in the room . 房间里有四十人。 There are two score and ten students in our school. 我们班上有五十个学生。 3). 基数词的复数形式表示年代或年龄。如: in the1990's / in the 1990s(二十世纪九十年代) ; in one’s thirties(三十多岁) in one’s teens(十几岁)。又如: When he moved to Germany in the fifties, he was already in his sixties . 当他五十年代搬到德国时,他已经六十多岁了。 2. 序数词 1). 序数词英语表达方法 序数词第 1-19除first, second与third有 ... ...

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