第十一章 独立主格结构 i.构成及类型 1.构成:“名词/代词+分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语”=“逻辑主语+逻辑谓语/表语"。 2.作用:相当于状语从句,表示方式或伴随的状态或动作;有时也表示时间、原因、条件。 3.独立主格的结构类型: 1)名词/代词+现在分词(具有主动意义) 2)名词/代词+过去分词(具有被动意义) 3)名词/代词十形容词. 4)名词/代词+不定式 5)名词/代词+介词短语 6)名词/代词十副词 7) there being 结构 4.“with+宾语+补语”=“with+独立主格结构”,表示伴随原因或条件。 专项练习 ( )1.It_____heavily, the game had to be delayed. A. was snowing B. snowing C. snowed D. had snowed ( )2._____, the lecture began. A. The listeners having taken their seats B. Having taken their seats C. Taking their seats D. The listeners to take their seats ( ) 3._____ , Tom went out to play. A. There was nothing to do B. There had nothing to do C. As there had nothing to do D. There being nothing to do ( )4._____the leaves are beginning A. Autumn comes; to fall B. Autumn coming; to fall C. As autumn coming; falling D. Autumn to come; falling ( )5._____the patient can leave the hospital. A. Better conditions B. Conditions better C. Conditions are better D. Being better conditions ( )6._____ , the patient can leave the hospital. A. If better conditions B. If conditions better C. If conditions are better D. Being better conditions ( )7._____, we'd like to go outing. A. Being Sunday B. Sunday OK C. Sunday is OK D. If Sunday OK ( )8._____we'd like to go outing. A. If Sunday is OK B. Sunday being OK C. Sunday OK D. A,B and C ( ) 9. _____, you can wait a while. A. The play being still on B. The play still on C. Being still on the play D. A and B ( ) 10._____，so you can wait a while. A. The play is still on B. The play being still on C. As the play is still on D. The play still on ii.独立主格结构表达的意义 1.表示伴随的动作或状态、方式或补充说明。 2.说明时间或顺序。 3.表示原因。 4.表示条件。 专项练习 ( ) 1. The man rushed into the house, his face_____under his cap. A. hiding B. having hidden C. hidden D. to hide ( )2._____no bus, we had to walk home. A. There being B. Being C. Having been D. There was ( )3._____no bus, we had to walk home. A. As there being B. As there was C. Being D. There was ( )4._____Sunday, the library doesn’t open. A. Being B. There being C. It being D. Having been ( )5._____Sunday, the library doesn’t open. A. As it being B. Being C. It is D. As it it ( )6._____,the train started. A. The signal given B. Giving the signal C. The signal being given D. The signal giving ( )7._____, the train started. A. After having given the signal B. After the signal given C. Giving the signal D. After the signal was given ( ) 8._____ , the text became easier for us to learn. A. Explaining new words B. New words explained C. Being explained new words D. Having explained new words ( )9._____ , the text became easier for us to learn. A. When new words were explained B. Explaining new words C. New words explaining D. Being explained new words ( ) 10. So many problems_____, l'm in a tight corner. A ... ...
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