课时作业(二十三) 第四讲———错综复杂”的文章结构题 Test 1 (2013·厦门三校高三联考) Many plants and animals live close together，and they depend on each other.They are usually very different from their partners，and yet all live easier lives because of each other.It is nature’s idea of sharing. An example of a partnership is the shark and pilot fish.The pilot fish is a little fish only about nine inches long.He would be helpless if he hung around by himself in the mighty ocean.He makes up for his size with his smartness.He cleverly swims beside the shark.When the shark eats，the pilot fish gets the leftovers.And the pilot fish needn’t worry about his safety.The shark also gets benefits from this relationship.The pilot fish cleans food scraps and insects from the shark’s hide. Another example of depending on each other is the sea anemone and striped clown fish.The sea anemone looks like a flower and has petals that contain poisonous stinging cells.When small fish swim into the petals，the anemone traps and paralyzes (使麻痹) them.However，the striped clown fish is able to swim into the poisonous petals without being harmed.When he is in danger，he quickly swims into the sea anemone and is unable to be seen by his enemies.To pay for his safety，the clown fish brings food to the anemone.He also guides other fish into the anemone’s deadly trap. Large mammals such as the ox，antelope，rhinoceroses and African buffalo form such a relationship with the red-billed ox-pecker.They provide daily meals for the bird.In fact the bird eats insects.The various large mammals act as a restaurant with a varied menu for the ox-pecker.What do they get in return from the bird？Free beauty treatments! Some plants live together in a beneficial relationship of symbiosis.The fungus (真菌类植物) does not have chlorophyll (叶绿素) that plants need to make food.However，green algae does contain chlorophyll.It is，therefore，able to feed the fungus along with itself.But nothing is free！The fungus repays it by protecting the algae.Since it takes in and stores water，it can provide the algae with a non-ending water supply. 语篇解读 本文用四个例子来说明一些动植物之间相互依赖，相互帮助，共同分享的关系。 1．Why does the pilot fish swim beside the shark? A．Because he likes eating the waste given off by the shark. B．Because he can help the shark get food. C．Because he can get food and protection. D．Because he needs the help of the shark to lead his way. 解析： 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“When the shark eats，the pilot fish gets the leftovers.And the pilot fish needn’t worry about his safety.”可知，答案为C。 答案： C 2．To repay the sea anemone，the striped clown fish_____. A．paralyzes small fish for him B．helps him catch other fish C．does some cleaning work D．warns him of the danger 解析： 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“To pay for his safety，the clown fish brings food to the anemone.He also guides other fish into the anemone’s deadly trap.”可知，答案为B。 答 ... ...
