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课件网) Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips 第4课时-语法篇 被动语态 知识回顾 01 一般现在时 is/am/are +动词过去分词 03 一般将来时 will be/is;am;are going to be +动词过去分词 02 一般过去时 was/were +动词过去分词 三种时态的被动语态 被动语态核心结构： be+动词过去分词 Part 1 情态动词的被动语态 Step 1：我们学过的情态动词 can表示“能够……” may表示“可以……” must意思是“必须……” should意思是“应该……” need意思是“需要……” might表示“可能……” 情态动词+被动语态= can/should/must/need+be+done Aliens can be found in space, do you think so 外星人可以在宇宙中被发现，你这样认为吗？ Our homework must be finished on time. 我们的作业必须按时完成。 The old woman’s money might be stolen by someone. 这个老妇人的钱可能被偷了。 The environment should be improved. 环境应该被改善。 结论1 含有情态动词的被动语态结构： “情态动词+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词” Step 2：变否定句 1.情态动词后面加not或者是never Each picture should be made a little different from the one before it. Each picture should not be made the same as the one before it. Step 2：变否定句 2.must的否定形式mustn’t表“禁止”，如果表示“没有必要”我们需要用needn’t。 Your homework must be handed in today. 你必须今天交作业。 Your homework needn’t be handed in today. 你不必今天交作业。 Step 3：变一般疑问句 把情态动词提前就可以了，关注must，need的回答。Must否定回答用needn’t这个用法和否定句变法一样。Need表示“必要”的时候，它的肯定回答要用must。 His exercise book must be handed in at once. Must his exercise book be handed in at once Yes, it must./ No, it needn’t. Part 2 现在完成时的被动语态 Step 1: 现在完成时的被动语态=现在完成时+被动语态 We have cleaned our classroom. Our classroom was cleaned. Our classroom has been cleaned. Tom has written the letter． The letter has been written by Tom． 结论2 现在完成时的被动语态结构： “have/has+been+及物动词的过去分词” Step 2:一般过去时的被动语态的区别 一般过去时的被动语态所表示的动作或状态与现在的情况没有联系,而现在完成时的被动语态则强调与现在情况的联系。 The bridge was built last year. 这桥是去年建成的。 The bridge has been built. 这桥已经建好了。 Step 3: 现在完成时的被动语态的其他形式 1.否定式：have/ has +not +been +done Tom’s novel has not been published. 2.一般疑问句需将have /has提到主语的前面 Has his bike been repaired 3.特殊疑问句：疑问词+have /has +been +done Who has been invited Step 4：短暂性动词构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用 How long has this book been bought （×） How long ago was this book bought （√） 但这类动词的否定式可与since或for引导的表示一段时间的状语连用。 No books have been bought since last week. （√） 自上周以来，没有人来买过书。 总结： 情态动词的被动语态 “情态动词+助动词be+及物动词的过去分词” 现在完成时的被动语态 “have/has+been+及物动词的过去分词” Thank you ... ...
