2014年中考专题突破ppt课件（4）：阅读理解(含2013年中考真题，51页)

课件51张PPT。专题四 阅读理解　　一、事实细节题 答案一般都能在原文中找到, 考生只需看准题目要求, 确定题干中的关键词, 带着问题在原文中找到相关细节, 便可迅速找到答案。【技巧1】利用题目的关键词, 寻找文中对应词, 在对应词周围找答案或直接在文中搜索答案, 对号入座。 [范例](2013·温州中考) 　　Solar power is a kind of electricity which is produced by taking energy from the sun, using solar panels. . . . [问题]Solar power is a kind of energy taken from　　　　. A. the air B. the sun C. the water D. the ground 【解析】选B。事实细节题。由文中的“by taking energy from the sun”可知答案选B。 二、推理判断题 该题型考查通过文章表层信息推测其隐含信息的能力, 要求学生揣摩作者的意图。虽不能在原文中找答案, 但有间接的暗示和线索。 【技巧2】根据文中某些词、句子或段落进行推理或根据句子的语气、文章论调和倾向进行推断。[范例](2013·聊城中考) . . . A news story is not only correct, but also relevant to its readers. People are mostly interested in news that happens near to them. That is why you care more about what happens at your school than that at American schools. It is also why newspapers in Beijing don’t talk about much news in Shanghai or Hong Kong. . . . [问题]According to the writer, newspaper in Liaocheng should talk much about news in　　　? A. Liaocheng. B. Hong Kong. C. Shanghai. D. Beijing. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。文章介绍好的新闻稿件应该与读者生活密切相关, 故聊城的人关心更多的应该是聊城的事。故选A。 三、词义猜测题 该题型考查通过上下文判断词义的能力。词义题的考查有两种: 超纲词含义的推断和熟词生义的推断。 【技巧3】根据前后的比较对照关系, 对它的定义(描述)、重述以及举例等进行猜测或者利用同位语、同义词及构词法等进行猜测。[范例](2013·雅安中考) . . . Hearing this, Jack decided to pet the dog. He put out his hand and touched the animal’s head. Immediately it jumped up and bit him. “Hey! ”Jack shouted. “You said he didn’t bite. ” “No, I didn’t, ”Sue replied. “You asked me if my dog bit, and I said no. ”[问题]The underlined word “pet” should be　　　　in Chinese. A. 宠物 B. 喜欢 C. 敲打 D. 抚摸 【解析】选D。词义猜测题。根据文中“He put out his hand and touched the animal’s head. ”可以判断出, Jack想去抚摸那条狗, 所以选D。 四、数字推算题 该题要求根据文章提供的数据及内在的关系进行简单的计算和推断。 【技巧4】理清有关数字之间的关系, 列出数学算式。[范例](2012·南宁中考) There are also some traditional festivals about dragons in China. Such as Dragon Head-Raising Day and Dragon Boat Festival. We have different kinds of activities to celebrate them. These two festivals come every year, but the Year of the Dragon comes every twelve years. . . . 　　This year is the Year of the Dragon. Good luck to you! [问题]Which of the following years is the Year of the Dragon? A. 1988 B. 1998 C. 2008 D. 2018 【解析】选A。数字推算题。根据文章倒数第二句可知2012年是龙年。12年是一个轮回, 可计算出1988年是龙年。 五、主旨大意题 该类题型在历年中考出现的频率也很高, 考查学生分析问题的能力, 要求考生通过对文章的阅读, 把握文章或段落的主旨大意。 【技巧5】从文章的首、尾句(段)寻找主题句或纵观全 ... ...