重庆市初中英语仁爱版八年级下册语法----宾语从句（无答案）

【教学标题】八年级下册U7\8语法--宾语从句 【教学目标】 1、帮助学生理解什么是宾语从句 2、掌握宾语从句的结构 3、区分宾语从句的引导词，并掌握 4、掌握宾语从句的语序与时态 【教学重点】 1、宾语从句的结构：主句+连接词+从句 2、宾语从句的三类连接词：that、if或whether、连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how 3、宾语从句的语序：陈述语序（主语+谓语） 【教学难点】 1、只能用whether不用if 的三种情况： ① or not连用 ②介词之后 ③不定式之前 2、宾语从句的时态：（从真从现）、（主现从具）、（主过从过） 【教学内容】 宾语从句 定义：宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语。即在主句中做宾语成分的句子叫宾语从句。 【He said)】 that (he wanted to stay at home). 主语 谓语 连接词 宾语从句 结构：主句+连接词+从句 考点1 宾语从句的连接词 1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，不做句子成分，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如： She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill. I am sure (that) he will succeed. 2. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”，不做句子成分。例如： I want to know if (whether) he lives there. He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 【特别注意】：只能用whether不用if 的三种情况 一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether： ① or not连用： He asked me whether or not I was coming. Let me know whether you can come or not. ② 介词之后： It depends on whether it is going to rain. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings ③ 不定式之前： We haven’t decided whether to go there. I don’t know whether to accept or refuse. 3. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分。例如： Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for He asked whose handwriting was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is I don’t know why the train is late. 考点2宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序（陈述语序：主语+谓语…）。例如： I hear (that) physics isn’t easy. I think (that) you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting. 【特别注意】当连接词做从句的主语时，不改变语序。 Could you tell who knows the answer, please The small children don’t know what is in their stockings. 考点3宾语从句的时态 1. 如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。（从真从现）例如： Our teacher said /that/ January is the first month of the year. Scientists have proved /that/ the earth turns around the sun. 2. 如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态。（主现从具）如： I don’t think /(that)/ you are right. Please tell us /where/ he is. Can you tell me /how/ I can get to the railway station 3. 如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时， 过去进行时， 过去将来时，过去完成时）。（主过从过）例如： He asked /what time/ it was. He told me /that/ he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked /if/ you had written to Peter. He said /that/ he would go back to the USA soon. 考点4 句型转换（同义 ... ...