人教版八年级英语下册 Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? 单词讲解

Unit 3单词精讲 1 rubbish 不可数名词 垃圾；废弃物 take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 Don ' t forget to take out the rubbish .不要忘记倒垃圾。 一过去式为 swept 2 sweep 及物动词 扫；打扫 sweep the floor 扫地 · Linda often helps her mother sweep the floor ．琳达经常帮她妈妈扫地。 3 floor 可数名词 (1）地板 on the floor 在地板 Clothes are lying all over the floor .地板上到处都堆放着衣服。 楼层 on the ＋序数词＋ floor 在．....．楼They live on the second floor .他们住在二楼。 4 mess (1）名词 杂乱；不整洁 in a mess 乱七八糟；陷人困境 make a mess 弄得一团糟 · Your room is really in a mess .你的房间真的太乱了。 · The kids made a mess in the kitchen .孩子们把厨房弄得一团糟。 (2）动词 使不整洁；弄脏；弄乱· Be careful ! Don ' t mess my hair .小心！别弄乱我的头发。 拓展 messy 不整洁的 His room is always messy . 他的房间总是乱糟糟的。 messy 形容词肮脏的；凌乱的 His room is always messy. 他的房间总是乱糟糟的。 5 throw 过去式为 threw 扔；掷 throw down 扔下：随手丢下 throw away 扔掉；抛弃 throw at 向．....．扔去（含有恶意） throw to 扔给．.....（不含恶意）· Who could throw the furthest 谁能扔得最远 · Could you please not throw down your bag on the floor ？请你不要把包扔在地板上好吗？Throw the ball to me ．把球扔给我。 6 neither (1）副词也不 neither + be 动词／助动词／情态动词＋主语.....．也不 这是一个倒装结构，表示前面否定的情况也适用于后者。 · I ' m not interested in art and neither is Helen .我对艺术不感兴趣，海伦也是。· Tony didn 't put off his plan and neither did I ．托尼没有推迟他的计划，我也没有。 注意" so + be 动词／助动词／情态动词＋主语"意为".....．也是"，表示前面肯定的情况也适用于后者。 · Mike is strong in English and so am I .迈克擅长英语，我也擅长。 (2）代词两者都不 其反义词为 both ，意为"两者都"。" neither of ＋复数名词／代词"作主语时，谓语动词用单复数形式均可。 · I ' d like to order something to drink . What would you like , coffee or cola 我想点一些喝的。咖啡和可乐，你想要哪种 - Neither . Milk is OK ．两种都不要。牛奶就行。（遂宁中考，单项填空） ◆ Neither of them feel / feels lonely ．他们两个都不感到孤独。(用单复数形式均可) (3）形容词两者都不（的）其后接可数名词单数，作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。，用第三人称单数形式 Neither day is OK ．两天都不行。 O 典例剖折、 7 pass (1）及物动词给；递 pass sb . sth .= pass sth . to sb .把某物递给某人 · He passed me the letter .= He passed the letter to me .他把那封信递给了我。 2注意当 pass 后面的 sb .和 sth .都为代词时，只能用 pass sth . to sb .结构。 ◆那个杯子是我的，请把它递给我。 The cup ismine . Pleasepassme it .( X The cup is mine . Please pass it to me .( V ) (2）动词走过；通过 + I saw him pass the classroom .我看见他经过教室。 + Thanks to your help , I passed the test .多亏了你的帮助，我通过了考试。 8 辨析 borrow , lend 与 keep 表示从别人那里借来东西指把自己的东西借给别人 borrow sth . from ... 向／从．....．借某物 lend sb . sth .= lend sth . to sb .把某物借给某人 keep sth . for +段时间保留／保存某物一段时间 I borrowed a storybook from the library . I lent it to Helen and told her that she co ... ...