(
课件网) 涌入 预防 轻微的；不严重的 污染；破坏 (雨)倾盆而下；下大雨 学案(三) 高考语篇的价值发掘———提升学科素养 2017·全国卷Ⅱ·阅读理解D篇———对接课标主题：自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护 When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn't sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short. Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked. It's a plant's way of crying out. But is anyone listening？Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbors react. Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch. In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors. The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do. Does this mean that plants talk to each other Scientists don't know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn't a true, intentional back and forth. Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate (亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There's a whole lot going on. ?好题不厌百回做，每做一次都有新发现 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了植物在受到昆虫的攻击时是如何进行自我保护的，同时引出世界比我们人类想象的要复杂得多这一观点。 1．What does a plant do when it is under attack A．It makes noises. B．It gets help from other plants. C．It stands quietly. D．It sends out certain chemicals. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段的“young maple trees getting bitten ... of the plant”可知，当植物受到攻击时，它会产生一些化学物质。故选D项。 答案：D 2．What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3 A．The attackers get attacked. B．The insects gather under the table. C．The plants get ready to fight back. D．The perfumes attract natural enemies. 解析：句意理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，正吃午餐的袭击者变成了午餐，也就是袭击者被攻击了。故选A项。 答案：A 3．Scientists find from their studies that plants can . A．predict natural disasters B．protect themselves against insects C．talk to one another intentionally D．help their neighbors when necessary 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Some plants ...do dou ... ...
