(课件网) Unit 1 Art Discovering Useful Structures —Infinitives as the predicative 语法感悟 Ⅰ.阅读下列句子，认真感悟加黑部分 1.Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries. 2.During the Middle Ages，the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. 3.In this work，Monet’s aim was to convey the light and movement in the scene... Ⅱ.根据以上句子，完成下列练习 在以上句子中，动词不定式都是作 ，表示具体的事情或将要发生的事情。 表语 动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，它没有人称和数的变化，动词不定式具有动词特征，可与其逻辑主语、宾语、状语等一起构成不定式短语。动词不定式在句中位置灵活、句法功能丰富，可充当谓语以外的几乎所有句子成分。本单元主要复习动词不定式作表语的用法。 语法精讲 一、基本用法 动词不定式可以放在be，become，sound，taste等系动词后面作表语。具体用法如下： 1.表示目的。 The next step is to make sure that you know exactly what is required. 下一步是确保你确切知道需要什么。 The purpose of education is to develop a good personality of children. 教育的目的是培养儿童良好的品格。 2.表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或预言。 That experience was to change his whole life. 那次经历会改变他的整个生活。 You must tell me about it，if we are to remain friends. 如果我们还想继续做朋友的话，你就必须告诉我那件事。 3.用于第一人称疑问句，表示征求意见。 What am I to say if they turn down my investment？ 如果他们拒绝我的投资，我该怎么说？ 4.用于被动语态，相当于can/could，should，ought to，must，具有情态意义。 You are to be rewarded.你应该受到奖励。(should) It’s nowhere to be found.哪儿也找不到它。(can’t be) These books are not to be sold.这些书不应该被卖掉。(ought not to be) 5.表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。 It has been announced that they are to marry next week. 他们已宣布下星期结婚。(安排) You must be patient and persistent if you are to succeed. 想要成功，你就必须有耐心和毅力。(愿望) 6.不定式作表语，可用主动形式表示被动意义。 Your client is to blame for the loss of so much money. 损失这么多钱应该怪你的客户。 二、动词不定式作表语和动名词作表语的区别 动词不定式和动名词都可以作表语。但用法有区别：表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的行为用动名词；表示具体的、一次性的或将来的动作用不定式。 Mary’s task is to set the table. 玛丽的任务是要去摆桌子。 His job is looking after sheep. 他的任务是照看羊。 ▲但这种区别并不是绝对的。例外的情况也不少，比如在 job，problem 等名词后面就可用不定式或动名词作表语，且意思区别很小。如： The problem is finding the time to get these things done. 问题是要找到完成这些事情的时间。 The problem is to find a suitable place for the sculpture. 问题是要找到一个合适的地方安放这个雕塑。 三、主语带do，表语省略to的情况 当主语部分有动词do的某种形式时，用作表语的不定式可以省略to。 All you do now is (to) complete the form. 你现在要做的是把这张表填好。 What I’ll do is (to) tell her the truth. 我要做的就是告诉她真相。 达标检测 语法填空 My aim in life is 1. (protect) the environment for futur ... ...
