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课件网) Present Perfect Tense 春天还会远吗 will it still be far in spring 冬天已经来了, Winter has already come, 现在完成时态 Winter has already come. Present perfect tense 现在完成时 构成: have/has + 过去分词 now past future 一般过去时 现在完成时 一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情 现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作/状态,或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响 现在完成时的构成形式 have done has 助动词 过去分词 肯定句：主语+have/has +过去分词 否定句：主语+have/has +not+过去分词 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+过去分词 1.都表示过去发生的事 2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语连用； 3.一般过去时强调过去发生的事或状态与表示过去的具体时间连用（last, ago, yesterday, etc. ） present past I have lived here for two years I lived there 2 years ago 和过去时态的区别及联系： · · 2021 2023 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作； 现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了。） I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。） 2）一般过去时 常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用; 现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，…ago, in1990, in October, just now, …-- 具体的时间状语 现在完成时的时间状语: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few years, recently, … --模糊的时间状语 句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时， 不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时 （错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night. 3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become,get married等。 She joined the League three years ago. (加入的动作不是延续的) She has been in the League for three years (since three years ago). (在团内的状态可延续) She has been a League member for three years (since three years ago). (是团员的状态可持续) He went to Shanghai last week. 他(曾经)到/去过上海 [在他人生中曾经有过这样的经历,但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了] 他已经去上海了 [也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里] 上周他[做了一件事:那就是]去了上海 He has been to Shanghai. He has gone to Shanghai. He has been in Shanghai for 10 years. 他呆在上海迄今为止已经10年了 [现在还在上海没有离开呢] 辨析这些句子 由时态导致的 含义上的差别 Exercises 1. I _____(have) breakfast already. 2. Has the train_____ (arrive) yet 3.Tome ____ never_____ (be to ) China. 4. The twin _____just _____(see) my father. 5. The twins ____(see) my father just now. have had arrived has been to has seen saw We have learned English _____ Grade Three in primary school. We have learned English _____ five years. 2.He hasn’t felt well _____ last night. Has he seen the doctor 3. ... ...
