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课件网) 省略 Grammar Ellipsis 为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可以省略。省略可分为以下几种情况： 省略主语或谓语的一部分 简单句中的省略 1) (There is) No smoking. 2) (Will you) Have a smoke 3) Why (do you) not say hello to him 4) How (do you think) about a cup of tea 5) (You come) this way, please. 简单句中的省略 省略宾语 可以省略宾语的全部; 可以省略作宾语的动词不定式, 只保留to,但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态,则须在to后加上be或have． 简单句中的省略 1) --Do you know Miss Hu --I don’t know (her). 2) Don’t touch anything unless the teacher tells you to (touch). 3) --Are you a teacher --No, but I want to be (a teacher). 4) --He hasn’t finished the task. --Well, he ought to have (finish it). 简单句中的省略 省略表语 1) --Are you thirsty --Yes, I am (thirsty). 2) His brother is not lazy. Nor is his sister (lazy). 同时省略几个句子成分 1) --Are you fell better now -- (I’m feeling) better (now). 2) (I wish) Good luck (to you)! 3) Let’s meet at the school gate as the same as (we met) yesterday. 并列句中的省略 两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分． 1) My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse. 2) I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school. 3) Lin’s father was not at home, but his mother was (at home). 主从复合句中的省略 1. 主句中有主语和谓语被省略 1) (I’m) Sorry to heat that you are ill. 2) (It’s) a pity that you missed such a good chance. 2. 省略从句中与主句相同的部分 They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents). 3. 主句与从句各有一些成分被省略 The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be). 其他省略 1. 连词的that省略 (1)宾语从句中常省略that, 但多个宾语从句并列时, 通常只省略第一个that He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart. (2)在定语从句中that在作宾语时才能省略 The book (that) I borrowed yesterday was hers. 2. 在某些状语从句中,当从句的主语与主句的主语一致或者从句主语为it，且从句谓语部分有be动词时,可省去“主语+be”部分 其他省略 1) When (he was) still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night. 2) As (he was) a child, he lived in India. 3) If (you are) asked you may come in. 4) If (it is) necessary I’ll explain to you again. 5) Though (he is) young, he knows a lot. 6) He opened his lips as if (he were) to say something. 其他省略 3. 不定式符号to的省略 (1)并列的不定式可省去后面的 to. I told him to sit down and wait for a moment. (2) help 当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补 的不定式符号to可带可不带. I will help (to) do it for you. I will help you (to) do it. (3)介词but前若有动词do,后面不定式不带to. The boy did nothing but play. 其他省略 (4) 某些使役动词（let, make, have）及感官动词（see, watch, hear, notice, observe, feel, look at, listen to等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去 to, 但在被动语态中须将to 复原。 I saw the boy fall from the tree. The boy was seen to fall from the tree. The boss made us work 12 hours a day. We were made to work 12 hours a day. (5) 主语从句中有动词do,后面 ... ...
