2023年初中英语语法总结：4大时态的用法归纳

2023年初中英语语法总结：4大时态的用法归纳 过去进行时 1. 过去进行时的形式: was/were + 现在分词 2. 过去进行时的用法: 1) 表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 We were expecting you yesterday. 我们昨天一直在等你。 What book were you reading when I saw you at four yesterday afternoon 昨天下午四点我看见你时，你在看什么书？ I wasn't having a talk with Li Hua at that time. 那时我没在跟李华谈话。 Was he watching TV when you came back 　你回来的时候，他正在看电视吗？ Kate was reviewing her lessons at eight last night. 昨晚8点的时候凯特正在复习功课。 While my mother was watching TV, I was making a kite. 我妈妈在看电视的时候，我在制作风筝。 2) 描绘一幅景象或故事背景 Last Sunday, I went and sat on the river bank as usual. Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river. 上星期天，我和往常一样，又去河边坐着。河岸上有些孩子正在玩耍，河面上有些人正在划船。 It was snowing as the medical team made its way to the front. 那支医疗小组往前线行进时，天正下着雪。 3) 表示按计划、安排过去某时将要发生的动作 A train was leaving at midnight for Beijing. 半夜有一趟列车开往北京。 They said that they were going back to their own country. 他们说他们将回自已的国家。 4) 与always, constantly, continually, forever 等连用，表示感彩 She was constantly complaining of the cold. 她总抱怨天气太冷。 He was always making noises. 他总爱大声喧闹。 He was always thinking of his work. 他总是一心想着他的工作。 She was forever complaining. 她老是抱怨。 现在完成时 1. 现在完成时的形式 have/has + 过去分词 2. 现在完成时的用法 1） 表示一件事已经发生，这件事对现在有影响或与现在情况有联系。 We've finished the work. 我们已经完成了工作。 Someone has broken the window. 有人把窗户打破了。 Have you seen my bag 你看到我的手提包了吗 　 No. I haven't. 不，我没看见。 I haven't finished my homework. Can you help me？我还没完成我的功课。你可以帮帮我吗？ My father has read the novel twice. 我爸爸已经看过两遍这本小说了。 They've bought some plates. You don't have to buy any more. 他们已经买了一些碟子。你不用再买了。 Who has opened the window 谁把窗子打开了？ 2） 表示持续到现在的状态 Have you waited long 你等了很久吗？ The temperature has stayed hot this week. 这星期天气一直很热。 We have been busy this afternoon. 今天下午我们一直很忙。 He has lived here since 1978．自从1978年以来，他一直住在这儿。 She has stayed in her room for hours！ 她在房间里呆了几个小时了！ 3. 现在完成时在表达时常和一些词连用: 1） 常和 just, already, yet , recently, lately, ever, never 等副词连用 I haven't seen the movie yet. 我还没看这部电影。 Have you ever sung this English song？你曾唱过这首英文歌吗？ I've just lost my chemistry book. 我刚才丢了我的化学书。 We've already returned the car. 我们已经把车还了。 Recently the problem has aroused people's concern. 最近这个问题引起了人们的关注。 There have been a lot of changes in our city recently. 我们的城市最近发生了很大的变化。 Have you heard from your family lately 你最近收到家人的来信了吗？ We have never heard of it before．我们从来没有听说过这件事。 2） 常 ... ...