2023年初中英语语法之被动语态相关考点难点分析

2023年初中英语语法之被动语态相关考点难点分析 什么是被动语态 被动语态是指句子中的主语为谓语动作的承受者。 如: He was hit by a car when he was crossing the road. (他过路时被辆汽车撞了。) 这句话的主语he（他）是谓语动作 hit (撞) 的承受者。施动者则为 car(汽车)。 被动语态的格式为: 助动词be + 过去分词。被动句中动作的承受者为句子的主语，动作执行者一般可由介词 by 引出。 如: The story was written by John Gilbert. 这个故事是约翰 吉尔伯特写的。 可用于被动语态的动词 1）及物动词 * There was a serious train accident near the border. Two people were killed and twelve were injured. 边境发生非常严重列车事故，两人死亡，十二人受伤。 * A new library will be built in this small town. 这个小镇将兴建一个新图书馆。 * The glass was broken by the boy．玻璃杯被那男孩打碎了。 * They are often scolded by the teacher. 他们经常受到老师的责备。 * Many accidents are caused by careless driving.许多车祸都因开车不小心造成。 2）不及物动词与介词合成的成语动词 * The patients are well looked after by the nurses in this hospital. 病人在这所医院里被护士们照料得很周到。 * The house has been broken into. 房子被破门而入。 带情态动词的被动语态 1) can, could * Computer can be used to demonstrate the way that cells work. 电脑可以用来演示细胞工作的方式。 * Can the fruit be kept in the fridge for long 水果在冰箱里可以长时间保存吗 * It can not be done by Jim．这件事不可能是吉姆干的。 * This problem can't be worked out very easily. 这道试题不能被轻而易举的算出来。 * The thieves could be caught by the police. 盗贼可能会被警察抓获。 2) may, might * The trees may be planted at other times of the year. 这些树可能会在今年另外找时间种植。 * It may have been left in the sun. 他们可能已把它放在阳光下了。 * You might be asked to speak at the meeting. 可能会请你在会上发言。 3) must * The light must be turned off before you go to bed．你睡觉前必须把灯关了。 * What must be done next？下一步该做什么？ * The books mustn't be taken out of the reading-room.这些书不得拿出阅览室. * Must the trees be watered now？这些树必须现在浇水吗？ 4) should * Teenagers should be allowed to go out with their friends.来应该允许青少年和朋友外出。 * Many trees should be planted on the mountains. 应该在山上种许多树。 * Waste paper shouldn't be thrown here.　废纸不应该扔在这里。 * Should it be done by Li Ming？　这件事应该是李明干吗？ * Those books should have been taken back to the library. 　你本该把这些书带回图书馆去。 5) need * This work needn't be done at once．这项工作没必要立即做。 * She needn't be told about it. 这事无需告诉她。 6) ought to * The rule ought to be obeyed by all of us. 我们应该遵守这个规则。 * As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think ought to be said. 作为老师，我们关心的应该是学生说了什么，而不是我们自认为学生应该说什么。 * I ought to be criticized for it. 我应该为此受到批评. 不定式的被动形式 * He needs to be taken care of. 他需要人照顾。 * I hope to be promoted. 我希望能被升职。 * Not a sound was to be heard. 听不到一点声音。 * The little child's wish is to be taken to Disne ... ...