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课件网) Grammar 直接引语和间接引语 Direct and Indirect Speech Grammar: Direct and Indirect Speech (1) 转述他人的陈述→陈述句 → She asked me what I was doing. 1) He said , “I’m going to Beijing.” → He said that he was going to Beijing. 2) He asked, “Are you a teacher ” → He asked me if /whether I was a doctor. 3) She said , “What are you doing ” 2. 转述他人的疑问→一般疑问句 3. 转述他人的问题→特殊疑问句 直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化 He said, “I have been to the Great Wall. ” He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall. He said, “I'll give you an examination next Monday. ” He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday. 陈述句 用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb. that, told sb. that，不可直接说told that 陈述句: “I don’t like computers,” Sarah said to her friends. Sarah said to her friends that I don’t like computers. said didn’t she Sarah said to her friends that she didn’t like computers. Sarah 一般疑问句 He said, “Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation ” He asked (me) whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation. He said, “You are interested in English, aren't you ” He asked whether I was interested in English. 间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等)，语序是陈述句的语序 一般疑问句: Is it easy to improve the condition of the soil ( They asked him ) They asked him if It is easy to improve the condition of the soil. it is easy to improve the condition of the soil. asked is was They asked him if it was easy to improve the condition of the soil. 特殊疑问句 He said to me，“What's your name ” He asked me what my name was. He asked us, “How many car factories have been built in your country ” He asked us how many car factories had been built in our country. 原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask(sb. )来表达，语序改为陈述句语序 特殊疑问句： When do you harvest the wheat ( They asked him ) They asked him When you harvest the wheat you harvest the wheat. he harvested They asked him when he harvested the wheat. 选择疑问句 He asked, “Do you speak English or French ” He asked me whether I spoke English or French. I asked, “Will you take bus or take train ” I asked him whether he would take bus or take train. 用whether…or…表达，而不用if…or…，也不用either…or… 5. 注意地点的变化 在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化 1. 注意时态的变化 2. 注意人称变化。 3. 注意指示代词的变化 4. 注意时间的变化 6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化 When you change a sentence from direct speech to indirect speech, you sometimes need to change the verb tense. You may also need to change pronouns , time in order to keep the same meaning. Direct indirect Present past Past past and past perfect Present perfect past perfect Past perfect past perfect The geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and sets in the wes ... ...
