2023年初中英语语法学习之动词的种类

2023年初中英语语法学习之动词的种类 动词主要分作下面几类： ● 及物动词（Transitive Verbs） ● 不及物动词（Intransitive Verbs） ● 兼作及物动词和不及物动词的动词（Ergative Verbs） 1）这类动词通常都跟有宾语，如： (1)She committed a serious error. 她犯了一个严重的错误。 (2)They were busy making artificial flowers. 他们在忙着做纸花。 (3)The child needed constant attention. 这孩子需要经常照顾。 (4)Where did you put the key 你把钥匙放哪儿了？ 这类动词很多，常见的如： achieve address admire affect afford avoid blame build buy carry catch claim commit complete concern control convince correct cover create cut damage defy demand describe design desire destroy discover discuss display dread enjoy equal exchange expect experience express favor fear fine free get give grant guard handle hate have heat hire include influence introduce issue justify lack like list love lower maintain make mean mention need plant prefer prevent produce pronounce protect provide raise receive recommend record release remove respect reveal risk shock spot support tease test threaten trust upset use value want waste welcome 2）有些及物动词以表示人的名词或代词作宾语： (1)I’ll contact you as soon as I arrive. 我一到就会和你联系。 (2)Her attitude surprised me. 她的态度使我吃惊。 (3)He often teased his sister.他常常逗他的妹妹。 (4)Her words comforted the sobbing child. 她的话给了那哭泣的孩子以安慰。 常见的这类动词如： anger brief comfort contact frighten interest shock suit surprise tease thank warn 3）还有些及物动词和一个介词短语或副词连用： (1)Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。 (2)This song reminded me of my childhood. 这首歌使我想起来童年。 (3)I couldn’t rid myself of this melancholy mood. 我无法摆脱这种忧郁的情绪。 (4)He promised to treat us to dinner. 他答应请我们吃饭。 常见的这类短语有： accustom…to aquaint…with attribute…to base…on(upon) bring…with cram…into compare…to condemn…to confine…to convey…to dedicate…to deprive…to direct…to divide…into engrave…with entrust…to incorporate…into jot…down lavish…on liken…to mistake…for owe…to point…at (to) present…to(with) prevent…from regard…as remind…of return…to rid…of rob…of send…to subject…to supply…with (to) treat…to trust…with view…as 4）有几个及物动词可以和许多名词一道表示动作，这类动词称为虚意动词（Delexical Verbs），最常见的是下面几个： have 可以跟： bath bathe celebration chat conversation cry dance discussion dislike dispute dream drink fear fight interview laugh lie look love quarrel read respect rest row（争吵） run scene sleep smoke success swim talk try walk wash win wish give可以跟： account advice analysis answer approval beating blow chuckle clean consent consideration cry dry gasp giggle glance grin groan hint hug injection jump kick kiss knock laugh lecture look nod notice polish pull punch push reading report ring scream shock shout sigh sketch smile squeeze start summary support talk thought warning wash welcome take可以跟： action bath break care ... ...