人教版七年级下册Unit3讲义（重点词法和语法）

人教版七年级下册Unit3讲义 重点句法词法： 一、疑问词how引导的特殊疑问句 用法 例句 表方式方法 例：How do you get to school？ 表身体状况 例How are you？ 表天气 例：How is the weather？ How long ：多长时间/多长 How long did you stay here？ How long is the river？ How often：多长时间一次 How often do you exercise？ How far：多远（两点的距离） How far is it from your home to school？ How soon：多久 How soon will you back？ How many多少 跟可数名词复数 How many tables do you have How much多少，后跟不可数名词 也可以指多少钱 How much is it 二、交通方式的询问： How do you get to school 对于交通方式的回答:I go to school on foot.=I walk to school. I go to school by bike.=I ride a bike to school. I go to school by bus.=I take a/the bus to school.=I go to school on a bus. 三、take、spend、cost辨析 花费 用法 例句 spend 主语必须是人 (1)spend time／money on sth.在……上花费时间（金钱）。(2)spend time/money(in)doing sth.花费时间（金钱）做某事(3)spend money for sth.花钱买… take take后面常跟双宾语,主语一般为形式主语it It takes sb.＋时间＋todo sth.做某事花了某人多少时间。 cost 主语是物 sth.costs(sb.)＋金钱,某物花了（某人）多少钱。 pay 支付 (1)pay(sb.)money for sth.付钱（给某人）买…(2)pay for sth.付……的钱(3)pay for sb.替某人付钱(4)pay sb.付钱给某人 四、辨析too、also、either 辨析词 词义 用法 too 也 多用于肯定句和疑问句句末。 例：I like play soccer,too. also 也 多用于肯定句中，置于连系动词be,情态动词或助动词之后，实义动词之前。 例：I can also play chess. either 也（不） 常用于否定句句末。 例：I don’t like to swim,either 五、几个固定用法 1.be like像……（内在品行）look like 看起来像（外在） 例：Our teacher is like a mother to us. 2. afraid意为“害怕，畏惧”，常用短语：be afraid of /be afraid to do sth. 例：(1).I am afraid of tigers. (2).他害怕骑自行车。 He is afraid to ride a bike. It’s +adj.+(for sb.)to do sth.做某事(对于某人来说)…… It is good for me to do exercise. 3.not sure不确定/be sure to do sth确定做某事 4.between.......and.......在两者之间 5.thanks for......感谢....../thank you for....+-doing形式。/hanks to幸亏，由于。 6.remember to do 记得去做某事 remember doing 记得做过某事 forget to do 忘记去做某事 forget doing 忘记做过某事 stop to do 停下来去做 stop doing 停下正在做的事情 regret to do 后悔去做某事 regret doing 后悔做过某事 7.It takes (sb) sometime to do sth。花费某人多少时间去做某事，it 是形式主语 例：It takes he two hours to do homework。 对于花多长时间做某事的提问：How long does it take(sb.)to do sth. (1)hundred 意为“百，一百”，当hundred与基数词连用时，用单数形式。 例：一百：one hundred，六百six hundred (2)当需要表示概数时，用复数形式，且通常接介词of，如：“数百的” hundreds of。类似的短语还有thousands of “数以千计的…”等。 例：Hundreds of people are celebrating the festival on the street. 10.辨析:be far from离……远，具体路程+away from，from…to… 从……到…… (1).学校离我家很远。My school is far from my home. (2).学校离我家20公里。My school is 20 kilometers away from my home. (3).从学校到我家相距10公里。 It’s 10 kilometers from my school to my ... ...