(
课件网) 阅读理解技巧之 猜测词意 If you come across new words when reading, What will you do 2019年考试说明中关于阅读理解的要求 测试考生的英语阅读理解能力。要求考生读懂书、报、杂志、网络中关于一般性话题的文字材料以及公告、说明、广告等（生词量不超过3％），并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能： １、理解主旨要义； ２、理解文中具体信息； ４、作出简单判断和理解； ５、理解文章的基本结构； ６、理解作者的意图和态度。 ３、根据上下文推断生词的词义； 常见的提问方式有： The word “…” in paragraph … can best be replaced by … …. The underlined word “…” most probably means …. By saying “…”, the author means … The expression “…” is closest to … According to the passage, the phrase “…” suggests … The underlined part “… …” (in Para. … ) means ….. 常用猜测词义的方法 利用下文定义的句子来猜测词义。 利用所出现生词的上下文来猜测词义。 利用所猜词语的构词法来猜测词义。 利用文中的举例来猜测词义。 利用生活常识来猜测词义。 2. Modern medicine began with the stethoscope, a medical tool used for listening to the movements of a person’s lung and his heartbeats. 1.It will be very hard but also very brittle -- that is, it will break easily. 1、Explanation 易碎的，脆弱的 听诊器 利用文章中对某个词的解释来猜测词义。常见的连接词有be called, means, be defined as，that is, refer to,和标点符号有———，：等, 有时还用同位语、同位语从句和定语从句来解释。 3. Pantomime refers to a short play in which no words are spoken． 手势, 哑剧, 舞剧 4. The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. 5. We are on the night shift -- working from midnight to 8 a.m. -- this week. 牧人 夜班 2. Context 对比关系 同义、近义、反义关系 因果关系 2. John usually wastes a lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very abstemious. 1. Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. 1)对比关系 污秽的, 邋遢的 有节制,节约的 能体现对比关系的词汇很多，主要有although, though, but, yet, however, while, unlike, instead,on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast with等。标点符号分号有时也可表示对比。 3. If you agree, write “ yes”; if you dissent, write “no”. 不同意 2).同义、近义、反义关系 同义词替换的表达方法可以为我们推测词义提供明显的语境线索。一些常见的引出同义词的标志性词语有or, and, like, similar等。 反义词利用文章中所出现的、与某生词或词组意思相反的内容，猜测词义。信号词中有instead, but,not等 2. Mr Smith loves to talk, and his wife is similarly loquacious. 健谈的 1. The new tax law supersedes, or replaces, the law that was in effect last year. 取代,接替 3. Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy person, who does not like to go to parties, or to make new friends. 好交际的 4. The old man put on his spectacles and began to read. 眼镜 3). 因果关系:信号词：如because，as，since，for，so，thus，as a result, so … that, such … that，therefore等表示前因后果 1. Rubber can be made to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very elastic. 2. T ... ...
