2024届高考英语虚拟语气总结学案（含答案）

【英语虚拟语气专项语法总结】 虚拟语气是英语中一种表达假设、愿望、建议、要求和怀疑等非现实情况的语法结构。在虚拟语气中，动词形式会发生变化，常见的有虚拟条件句、虚拟假设句和虚拟愿望句。 虚拟条件句: 虚拟条件句表示与现实相反、假设的情况。它有三种形式： 对过去的假设： If + 过去完成时，would/could/should/might + 现在完成时（have + 过去分词） 例句：If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam. 对现在的假设： If + 过去时，would/could/should/might + 现在时 例句：If it rained, we would stay at home. 对将来的假设： If + 过去时，would/could/should/might + 动词原形 例句：If I won the lottery, I would travel around the world. 虚拟假设句: 虚拟假设句表示对现在或将来情况的假设、推测、猜测或意愿。它有以下形式： 对现在的假设： 主语 + 过去式动词（be动词用were） + 动词原形 例句：I wish I were a bird. 对将来的假设： 主语 + 过去式动词（be动词用were） + to + 动词原形 例句：I wish he were to arrive on time. 表达建议和要求： (should) + 动词原形 例句：I suggest that you (should) study harder. 虚拟愿望句: 虚拟愿望句表示对过去、现在或将来情况的愿望，常用表示遗憾、无法实现等情感。它有以下形式： 对过去的愿望： 主语 + 过去完成时，(but) + 主语 + hadn't/ hadn't been + 过去分词 例句：I wish I had taken the opportunity. 对现在的愿望： 主语 + 过去式（be动词用were） + 动词原形 例句：I wish I were rich. 对将来的愿望： 主语 + would/could/should/might + 动词原形 例句：I wish I could go there tomorrow. 【练习题1】 根据上述虚拟语气的语法总结，完成以下练习题，并标注正确答案： 1. If she harder, she a higher score on the exam. a) studied, could have got b) had studied, could have gotten c) had studied, could get d) studies, can get Answer: b) had studied, could have gotten 2. I wish I taller. a) were b) am c) will be d) be Answer: a) were 3. If I free tomorrow, I to the beach. a) am, will go b) were, would go c) will be, go d) had been, would have gone Answer: b) were, would go 4. I suggest that he earlier next time. a) leaves b) would leave c) leave d) left Answer: c) leave 5. I wish I their wedding ceremony. It was so beautiful. a) attended b) have attended c) had attended d) will attend Answer: c) had attended 6. If I a billionaire, I a luxurious mansion. a) am, would buy b) were, would buy c) will be, will buy d) had been, would have bought Answer: b) were, would buy 7. I wish I to the party last night, but I was busy with work. a) go b) went c) have gone d) had gone Answer: d) had gone 8. If he the lottery, he a world tour. a) wins, will take b) won, would take c) will win, takes d) had won, would have taken Answer: b) won, would take 9. I suggest that she the meeting on time. a) attends b) attended c) will attend d) would attend Answer: a) attends 10. I wish I a good voice, then I could become a singer. a) have b) had c) will have d) would have Answer: b) had 11. If they more funding, they able to expand their business. a) have, are b) had, would be c) will have, will be d) had had, would have been Answer: b) had, would be 12. I wish he me the truth. a) told b) tell c) tells d ... ...