(
课件网) A guide to word formation 构词法 Why do we learn word formation Because it creates a sea of words. …… 木--杨、榕、桂、杉 钅--铁、钉、钱、银 讠--说、话、讲、谈 In Chinese, In English， 构词法 派生法（Derivation） 合成法(Compounding) 转化法（Conversion） 缩略法（Abbreviation） adding a prefix or suffix changing the part of speech combining two or more words shortening some words 派生法（Derivation） Prefix 前缀 Root 词根 Suffix 后缀 Derivation（派生） a new word unbelievable able un 词根 root 前缀 prefix 后缀 suffix What prefixes and suffixes have we learnt un- 否定前缀 dis- in- im- mis- non- understand polite smoker agree fair visible 前缀 含义 例词 rewrite;remarry,rethink ex-husband; ex-lover foreword（前言）; forethought(先见) post-reading; post-election; post-war pre-reading, pre-prepared, pre-adolescent midnight, midsummer, midautumn 前缀 含义 例词 re- rewrite;remarry,rethink ex- ex-husband; ex-lover fore foreword（前言）; forethought(先见) post post-reading; post-election; post-war pre- pre-reading, pre-prepared, pre-adolescent mid- midnight, midsummer, midautumn time and order again, back former before after before middle 前缀 含义 例词 trans translate,transport inter- international; internet ex- export, exit fore forehead, forearm, foreleg under underground, underline in,im- inside, import from one place to another between,among out front part of below Locative 前缀 含义 例词 mono monologue(独白)， bi- bicycle,bilateral(双边的，双方的) tri- triangle（三角形）, tricolor semi- semicircle（半圆）; semifinal（半决赛）; multi- multi-national; multi-media; multi-cultural Number one two three half many 前缀 含义 例词 mini- mini-bus; mini-bike;mini-camera over- over-anxious; over-active;over-confident extra- extra-solar; extra-curriculum; micro- microfilm; microcomputer super- supermarket; superpower, superman, little excessive过于 (beyond 超出范围...以外) very small more than, beyond Degree or Size 2.suffixes Noun 后缀 例词 +er teacher, worker, reader,farmer, writer +or doctor, visitor, actor, inventor +ess actress, hostess,waitress +ist scientists, artist, dentist +ar beggar +ese Chinese, Japanese, +ian musician, physician(医生) people 前缀 例词 v. + ment argument; judgment; entertainment; -ness happiness; illness -ship leadership; friendship; ownership n.+ ful mouthful; handful; spoonful;glassful -ism socialism; materialism -al refusal; arrival; approval; Noun Adj. 后缀 例词 -al national; personal; industrial -an American; African; European -ern western; eastern; northern -able reasonable, believable, unbearable -ful useful; careful; cheerful; beautiful -ish childish; selfish; foolish -ive active; creative, positive 后缀 例词 -ous various; anxious,; nervous -some troublesome; lonesome, tiresome -like childlike; womanlike; fatherlike -ly friendly, lovely, orderly -less careless, harmless, homeless Verb 后缀 例词 -en widen, strengthen, shorten, quicken -fy beautify, simplify, purif ... ...
