2023暑假高二阅读专题练习：环境保护（含答案）

2023暑假高二阅读专题练习：环境保护 一、阅读理解 Climate change has been a long-standing issue that continuously drives scientists to find green fuels. The universe's most rich element, hydrogen(氢), has drawn their attention and is now on its way to becoming the future of green fuel. More than $150 billion worth of green hydrogen projects were announced globally in 2020, according to Reuters. Airbus, a European corporation, has taken the lead in the new sustainable fuel industry. It has designed self-contained hydrogen fuel cell pods(燃料电池舱) that can be attached to the underside of airplane wings, which aim to achieve zero emissions(排放). The company plans to launch hydrogen -powered aircraft in 2035, according to Daily Mail. Compared to fossil fuels, hydrogen is a much more eco-friendly fuel. When hydrogen bums, the only by-product is water. However, the traditional way to extract(提取) hydrogen from natural gas or coal generates considerable carbon emissions. The greenest way is to obtain hydrogen from water using electrolysis(电解) powered by renewable energy, although this process requires so much electricity that it is quite expensive. The key to making hydrogen competitive with fossil fuels is to lower the production cost to under $1.50. This would require lowering around 50 percent of renewable power costs and 75 percent of electrolyzer costs, according to Australia’s renewable energy agency. Also, shipping liquid hydrogen is challenging, because that needs to be chilled to －253℃ to do so. According to Reuters, most of the world's big hydrogen export projects are looking to ship hydrogen in the form of liquid ammonia(氨), which can be converted to hydrogen and needs to be chilled to only －33℃. With more and more countries aiming to cut down carbon emissions to deal with the issue of global warming, green hydrogen will help them hit the targets by decarbonizing industries that cannot be electrified. 1．What is the unique strength of the hydrogen fuel cell pods A．They work very efficiently. B．They produce no by-product. C．They are environmentally friendly. D．They allow for long-distance flights. 2．Why is hydrogen not as widely used as fossil fuels as an energy source A．Its lower performance. B．Its production cost. C．Its carbon emissions. D．Its electricity consumption. 3．What is a challenge when liquid hydrogen is shipped A．The required temperature. B．The expensive shipping cost. C．The building of professional carriers. D．Getting it to the form of liquid ammonia. 4．In which industries can green hydrogen play an important role A．Those funded by public money. B．Those depending on electricity. C．Those unable to be electrified. D．Those with an improved energy system. The San Diego County Water Authority has an unusual plan to use the city’s scenic San Vicente Reservoir (水库) to store solar power so it’s available after sunset. The project could help unlock America’s clean energy future. Perhaps ten years from now, ... ...