(
课件网) 介词 What’s preposition A word that is used before a noun, pronoun, or gerund to show place, time direction etc. 英汉介词分类 英语介词 简单介词 at, in, on, of 二重介词 from under, from behind, until after 复合介词 because of, on behalf of, apart from 分词介词 considering, regarding 汉语介词 单音节介词 从、打、自、让、朝…… 双音节介词 自从、经过、根据、由于、为了…… 英语使用名词性成分表达某个事物所处的状态时，通常需要介词引出。 His soul was at peace. 他心里好受了。 b. The electricity workers have been on strike for several weeks now. 电力工人已经罢工好几个星期了。 What’s the difference 二. 某些形容词表达活动或动作时，需要介词引出对象，充当动词或形容词的补语。 They had to be aware of the consequence. 他们必须意识到这一后果。 The committee is responsible for carrying out the investigation and reporting its findings to the UNSC. 该委员会负责调查并将调查结果上报安理会。 三. 一些英语介词本身就表达行为意义。 He is in plain clothes. 他衣着朴素。 b. I remember him at a banquet on that night. 我记得那天晚上他参加了一个宴会。 四. 英语里of既表示领属关系，还能和be 组合表达事物的属性。 a. One of the legs of the table is broken. 桌子的一条腿坏了。 The meeting is of great importance. 这个会议很重要。 五. 英语介词短语可以后置，修饰名词短语。 The man in front of the door is Tom. 门前的那个人是汤姆。 b. There was a Hispanic girl in special education because she just never learned to read. 有个西班牙女孩，她从没学会阅读，正在接受特殊教育。 1.汉语介词兼有动词的句法功能 a. 他在教室里。 He is in the classroom. （动词） 他在教室里学习。 He is studying in the classroom. （介词） b. 计划通过了。 The plan was approved. （动词） 通过努力，他的学习进步了。 Through his efforts, he has made progress in the study. （介词） The translation of preposition 2. 英语介词具有多义性。 They went out for a walk.(表目的，为了） 他们出去散步了。 Knives are used for cutting things.(表用途，用于） 刀是用来切东西的。 You can’t see the wood for the trees.(表原因，因为） 你不能只见树木，不见森林。 The crisis really is upon us. (立即） 危机即将到来。 we acted upon his instructions.(根据） 我们根据他的指示办事。 He laid his hand upon my shoulder.(在…之上） 他把一只手放在我肩上。 3.英语介词可与形容词、动词及分词搭配，引出动作作用的对象。汉语介词可融合这一功能意义。 I have no objection to that. 我不反对。 It doesn’t depend on me, because after all, it takes two to tango. 光靠我可不行，怎么说也得俩人才能跳探戈吧。 4.英语中事件名词做宾语的介词短语转译为动词短语。 The two countries are at war. 两国交战了。 Any time you’re in business, you take risks. 做生意就得冒风险。 Even if you are on a budget, you can find better bargains elsewhere. 即便手头紧，你也可以在别处买到又好又便宜的货。 5.用于限定的介词短语汉译时可拆句分译。 With all its disadvantages this design is considered to be one of the best. 该设计虽然有些缺陷，但仍可将其视为最佳设计之一。 6.某些情况下，可以采用反译法。 Copper is the best conductor but silver. 铜是仅次于银的 ... ...
