(
课件网) 独立结构的形式 独立结构 独立结构的句法功能 Exercises 独立结构的形式 独立结构（the Absolute Constructions）是带有自己逻辑主语的结构，又称独立主格结构。作为句子的一个语言单位，其行文简单明了，功能多样。 1. 名词（或主格结构）＋动词的非谓语动词形式 Here are the first two volumes, the third one to come out next week. The plan having been made, what is important is to put it into practice. The duty completed, he had three months’ leave. 2. 名词（或主格代词）＋ 形容词 He entered the room, his nose red with cold. She looked at him expectantly, her eyes full of excitement and curiosity. 独立结构的形式 3. 名词（或主格代词）＋介词短语 I stood at his left, my finger on the button, waiting for the order. The teacher entered the classroom, chalk in one hand, （a）textbook in the other. 4. 名词（或主格代词）＋副词 Class over, all the students went out of the classroom. He put on his socks, wrong side out. 独立结构的形式 5. 名词（或主格代词）＋名词 His first shot failure, he fired again. She sat alone in the room, her only company a dying fire. 注意：以上独立结构都可以看成是带being的分词复合结构的 省略形式。加入being就变成了分词的复合结构。如： Here are the first two volumes, the third one（being）to come out next week. I stood at his left, my finger（being）on the button, waiting for the order. 独立结构的形式 6. 介词with或without引导的独立结构 这种独立结构的一般构成为：with/without+名/代词＋（分词、形容词、副词、不定式、介词短语）。如： With the old man leading, the two started towards the mountains. She felt nervous, with all eyes fixed on her. Never sleep with the window open in winter. With John away, we’re got more room. With five minutes to go before the last train left, we arrived at the station. His wife came down the stairs, with her two-year-old son in her arms. 独立结构的形式 7. “There being +名词”结构 There being no money left, we have to change our plan. There being no spare parts, the equipment could not be repaired at once. 独立结构的句法功能 独立结构在句中多作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、方式、伴随或补充说明，它偶尔也作定语和或主语。例如： 1. 作状语 1) 表示时间 The bell ringing, all the pupils went into the classroom. 2) 表示原因 The question being rather difficult, we must take time to consider it carefully. 3) 表示条件 Weather permitting，the football match will be played next Sunday. 4) 表示伴随状况 Japan is to the east of China, with the Yellow Sea in between. 独立结构的句法功能 2. 作定语 A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the room. 3. 作主语 Linda in trouble was the only reason for my going there. Exercises 1. Directions: In this exercise, there are twenty sentences. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. 1）The report _____ , a lively discussion began. A. to read B. being read C. to be read D. having been read 2）With a great weight _____ his mind, he went to bed. A. taken off B. ... ...
