(
课件网) 寻 方 法 解 完 形 《初高中衔接完形填空》 目录 题型特点 解题方法 解题技巧实战 1 2 3 4 解题步骤 C o n t e n t s 题型特点 1 1 能力训练目标 词语辨析能力 语法结构分析能力 语篇理解能力 逻辑推理能力 文化背景透析能力 作者意图剖析能力 生活常识综合运用能力 2 题型特点 题材常为说明文或夹叙夹议的文章. 内容完整,逻辑性强,语言结构严谨. 考察近义词语细微差别的辨析. 考察重点多为实词:名/代/动词/形容/副词等. 关注语境背景知识,侧重上下关联,暗示判断能力. 侧重于篇章,体现语用判断和内在逻辑. 解题步骤 2 基础知识 1 解题步骤 2 总的原则: “先完意，后完形”。 八字方针：上下求索，瞻前顾后。 三步曲：读———填———读 三步答题 3 Step1 Skip(跳读) the passage to get the general idea and pay attention to the first sentence. In the cloze test, there is no blank in the first sentence (首句). It helps us to know the topic of the whole passage. (完形填空首句不挖空，帮助进入语境） 三步答题 3 Step2 Reread and choose the best answer for each blank by using some methods. (在把握语篇大意的基础上，借助于一些恰当的方法选择最佳答案) 三步答题 3 Step3 Read the passage again and check the answers. （将所选定的词放到文章中复读检查） 解题方法 3 四种常用的方法 1 1、context (上下文语境) 2、word distinctions or collocations (词语辨析和固定搭配) 3、information given in the passage (利用文章中的信息--原词复现、近义词和反义词等) 4、cultural background and common sense (文化背景和常识) 注意事项 2 1.(时态语态，主谓语在上下文的中是否一致) 2.(语法和习惯用法的搭配在上下文中是否一致) 3.(段与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯) 4.(整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文的衔接是否合理) 解题思路 3 因果 转折 对比 递进 让步 基本方法 根据上文信息 根据下文信息 根据上下文信息 微技能 背景常识 词语复现 原词复现 同/近义复现 同源词复现 上下义复现 词语同现(语义相关联的词) 习惯搭配(动介、动宾、句式) 逻辑关系 解题思路 3 略读跳读抓大意，围绕主旨去做题。 上下求索找信息，复现同现和逻辑。 若有个别是难题，就用均等这规律。 解题技巧实战 4 利用上下文暗示解题 1 Our father was a struggling 36(lawyer) , but I always knew he was 37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best. 37. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned 38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praise 利用上下文暗示解题 1 His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight. 43. A. cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked 44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker 利用上下文暗示解题 1 I'm an ambitious __40__， and when I started going through chemo (化疗), even though I'm a very 41.positive person, I lost my drive to write.40．A.reader B．writer C．editor D．doctor B [联系后文中的I lost my drive to write(我失去了写作的动力)可知，作者是一名作家(writer)。reader读者；editor编辑；doctor医生。] 利用上下文暗示解题 1 Speaking before groups did help him gain the 50.confidence he needed.By the time Dale was a senior，he had won every top honor in __51__． 51．A.horse－riding B．football C．speech D．Fa ... ...
