2023年初高中衔接英语课件（新高一适用）专题10 初高中衔接定语从句课件（32张ppt）

定 语 从 句 《初高中衔接定语从句》 目录 综述 关系副词 关系词的选择 1 2 3 4 关系代词 C o n t e n t s 综述 1 1 什么是定语？ 1. 用来修饰某个名词或代词的成分 2. 可以放在名词之前；也可以放在名词或代词之后 3. 在翻译时通常带有一个“的” 1 什么是定语？ my book a holiday of seven days a seven-day holiday something important a good holiday a country developing fast a toy factory a book written by J.k. Rowling a developing country a book to be published a developed country a book which was written by J.K. Rowling 1. 放在名词前 2. 由单个的代词/数词/形容词/名词/-ing/ -ed 来充当 1. 放在名词或代词后 2. 由介词结构／形容词／-ing结构／-ed结构／to do结构／句子来充当 前置定语 后置定语 2 什么是定语从句？ 1. 当定语成分由一个句子来充当时，这个句子就叫定语从句，即用一个句子去修饰另一个句子中的某个名词或代词　 2. 通常紧跟在所修饰的名词或代词后 This is a book which was written by J.K. Rowling 2 什么是定语从句？ The beautiful girl is Angelababy. The beautiful girl who can speak good English is Angelababy. 先行词 关系词 定语从句 定语 一个句子起到了定语功能叫做定语从句。被修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句需用关系词（关系代词和关系副词）引导。 3 关系词的作用： A. 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词； B. 必在从句中作某个句子成份 C, 指代先行词 关系词 关系代词 2 关系代词who 1 关系代词whom 2 关系代词that 3 that 关系代词that 4 that 关系代词which 5 关系副词 3 关系副词when 1 关系副词 代替功能 在从句中的成分 例句 when(＝at/on/in/ during which) 时间名词 时间状语 She still remember the day when (on which) she won the prize.她仍然记得她获奖的那一天。 关系副词where 2 关系副词 代替功能 在从句中的成分 例句 where(＝in/at which) 地点名词 地点状语 This is the factory where (at which) his father once worked.这就是他父亲曾经工作过的工厂。 关系副词why 3 关系副词 代替功能 在从句中的成分 例句 why(＝for which) reason 原因状语 He didn't know the reason why (for which) he was dismissed. 他不知道他为什么被解雇了。 关系词的选择 4 关系代词与关系副词的选择 1 1. 考虑代替先行词的关系词在从句中充当的语法成分, 如果关系词在从句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语, 就用关系代词；如果关系词在从句中作状语, 就用关系副词。 The house Have you asked her for the reason needs repairing. where he lives which/that he lives in that/which my explain her absence? why she was absent? 关系代词与关系副词的选择 1 2. 辨别先行词表示的是人、物、时间、地点还是原因。 I don’t like the man who always speaks ill of others. I will never forget the days when we worked together. 3. 判断从句是限制性还是非限制性定语从句。 A dictionary is a book that gives the meanings of words. A dictionary is a book, which gives the meanings of words. 关系代词与关系副词的选择 1 4. 判断关系词在从句中作宾语还是作状语, 取决于定语从句中的谓语动词。 This is the point where I disagree. 这就是我不同意的地方。(disagree为不及物动词, 故关系词用where。) This is the point (which/that) I disagree with. 这就是我不同意的地方。(从句缺少介词with的宾语, 用that/which引导, 也可以省略) 只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况 2 (1) 先行词前有序数词或形容词用最高级修饰，或先行词本身就是序 ... ...