第二十七讲 百日打卡-时态3【2024年中考英语邦你学】

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 百日打卡--时态3 现在完成时的用法和标志 用法 1. 表示过去的动作一直持续的现在，而且还可能继续下去。 谓语动词一般为延续性动词。 2. 过去发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。 谓语动词一般为短暂性动词。 图示 时间状语 1) since+时间点 2) for+时间段 3) “到目前为止…”：until now, up until now, up to now, up till now, so far… 4) “在最近几世纪/年/月以来…”：in/over the past few years, for the last few centuries, throughout history, through centuries… 5) 次数：once; twice; three times等 时间副词: already（已经） yet（还、已经） just（刚刚、仅仅） ever（曾经） never（从不） before（以前）等 例句 I have lived here for 3 years. The teacher has taught in this school since I came here. I've already read this book. （“读”这一动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响是“知道书中的内容”。） The woman hasn't found her dog yet ． （没找到狗，心里着急，这就是对现在的影响。） 过去完成时的用法 1. 过去完成时表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成或结束，即发生在“过去的过去”。 When the police arrived, the thieves had run away. 警察到达时，小偷们早就跑了。 (主句的run away动作发生在“过去的过去”) 2. 过去完成时表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去时间，而且动作尚未结束，仍然有继续下去的可能。 By the end of last year, he had worked in the factory for twenty years. (had worked 已有了 20 年，还有继续进行下去的可能) 3. 过去完成时与表示希望或打算的动词连用，如hope, want, expect, think, suppose, plan, mean, intend等，表示未曾实现的希望或打算。 I had intended to come over to see you last night, but someone called and I couldn't get away. (昨晚我本想去看你的，但有人打电话我走不开。) 4. 用于宾语从句中，当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。 He told me that he had written a new book. (had written 发生在 told 之前 ) 5. 过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过去”，只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它，不能离开过去时间而独立存在。 She did a lot of training because she had never sailed. (never sail在do training 之前) 中考真题 1．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）Eric _____ many things since he became interested in science. A．is learning B．was learning C．will learn D．has learned 2．（2023·北京·统考中考真题）—Lily, can you tell me _____ during the Dragon Boat Festival this year —Sure. We ate zongzi and watched a dragon boat race. what you will do B．what you did C．what will you do D．what did you do 3．（2023·辽宁抚顺·统考中考真题）At 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon, my father _____ for me outside the school gate. A．waits B．waited C．was waiting D．is waiting 4．（2023·吉林长春·统考中考真题）Could you please turn down the TV Your father _____ on his article. A．was working B．worked C．is working D．works 5．（2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题）Hey, Aunt Jenny! It’s you! I didn’t expect you _____ over. What a nice surprise! A．had come B．have come C．would come D．will come 6．（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题）After this exam, you _____ a wonderful holiday next month. ... ...