人与社会 知考法 明考向：高考文章多从“良好的人际关系与社会交往”“公益事业与志愿服务”“文学、艺术与体育”“科学与技术”以及“历史、社会与文化”等主题语境选材。文章内容通常是通过志愿活动，培养学生的担当精神；通过科技发展和技术创新，培养学生科学探索的精神；通过文学、艺术与体育，培养学生的美育意识、健康意识，进一步落实五育并举的命题思想。高考通过这些语篇，引导学生在理解文章内容和作者观点态度的基础上关注人际交往、科技进步，培养审美情趣、服务社会精神，全面发展核心素养。 题材3 社会交往与志愿服务 A passion/'p ( )n/n.激情，热情 accompany/ 'k mp ni/v.陪伴，陪同；为……伴奏 witness/'w tn s/n.目击者，证人 v．目击，目睹；见证 estimate/'est m t/v.估计；估算 n．估计，估价 threaten/'θret( )n/v.威胁，恐吓；危及 sustainable/s 'ste n b( )l/adj.可持续的；不破坏生态平衡的 rural/'r r l/adj.农村的，乡村的 access/' kses/n.入口，通道；获得的机会，使用权 v．接近，进入，获取 focus on集中于 rather than而不是 B strategy/'str t d i/n.策略；行动计划 randomly/'r nd mli/adv.随机地；胡乱地 outcome/'a tk m/n.结果；效果 previous/'pri vi s/adj.以前的，先前的 assign/ 'sa n/v.分派，布置 obvious/' bvi s/adj.明显的，显然的 generalize/'d enr la z/v.概括，归纳；将……类推到；扩大……的运用 have...in common with与……有共同之处 figure out解决；算出，想出 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A (2023·安徽、云南、吉林、黑龙江四省联考) As a young girl growing up in France，Sarah Toumi dreamed of becoming a leader who could make the world a better place.Her passion to help others was awakened when，from the age of nine，she accompanied her Tunisian father to his birthplace in the east of the country during holidays.There she organized homework clubs and activities for children.Toumi witnessed first-hand the destructive effect of desertification.“Within 10 years，rich farmers became worse off，and in 10 years from now they will be poor.I wanted to stop the Sahara Desert in its tracks.” A decrease in average rainfall and an increase in the severity of droughts(干旱) have led to an estimated 75 percent of Tunisia’s agricultural lands being threatened by desertification. Toumi recognized that farming practices needed to change.She is confident that small land areas can bring large returns if farmers are able to adapt by planting sustainable crops，using new technologies for water treatment and focusing on natural products and fertilizers(肥料) rather than chemicals. In 2012，Toumi consolidated her dream to fight the desert.She moved to Tunisia，and set up a programme named Acacias for All to put her sustainable farming philosophy into action.“I want to show young people in rural areas that they can create opportunities where they are.Nobody is better able to understand the impact of desertification and climate change than somebody who is living with no access to water.” By September 2016，more than 130,000 acacia trees had been planted on 20 pilot farms，with farmers recording a 60 percent survival rate.Toumi estimates that some 3 million acacia trees are needed ... ...
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