(
课件网) 考点解读 01 KAO DIAN JIE DU 满分突破 02 MAN FEN TU PO 真题链接 03 ZHEN TI LIAN JIE CONTENTS 目录 模拟突破 04 MO NI TU PO 考点解读 KAO DIAN JIE DU PART ONE 01 第十节 非谓语动词 动词的非谓语形式分为：动词不定式、动名词、分词(现在分词和过去分词)。新课程标准要求掌握的是动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语。某些动词后只能接动名词是动名词的主要考点。近几年的中考题都主要考查动词不定式。 动词不定式作宾语5年2考,作宾补5年2考,作目的状语5年1考,动名词5年0考。 一、动词不定式 1. 动词不定式的结构：肯定式：to do 否定式：not to do 2. 动词不定式的用法 用法 结构 例子 (1)作主语 To do is/ was… To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 (2)作表语 be+to do My work is to clean the room every day. 我的工作是每天打扫房间。 His dream is to be a doctor. 他的梦想是当一名医生。 用法 结构 例子 (3)作定语 sth. /sb. +to do I have a lot of homework to do. (动宾关系)我有很多家庭作业要做。 We need someone to help with the work. (主谓关系) 我们需要人帮助做这项工作。 I have no time to go there. (状语关系)我没有时间去那儿。 若该不定式为不及物动词时,其后面要加上介词,构成及物动词短语 I need a piece of paper to write on. 我需要一张纸来写字。 Pandas have no places to live in. 熊猫没有地方住。 用法 结构 例子 (4)作宾语 vt. +to do ①我想告诉你整个故事。 I you the whole story. ②你需要买一双新鞋。 You a pair of new shoes. (5)作宾补 vt. +sb. +to do ①我妈妈常叫我按时完成作业。 My mother often my homework on time. ②她想要她爸爸给她买一辆新的自行车。 She a new bike for her. want to tell need to buy tells / asks me to finish wants / wanted her father to buy 用法 结构 例子 (6)作目的 状语 to do=in order to do=so as to do 注意：so as to不用于句首 ①他昨天来给我们开讲座。 He came yesterday. ②为了使每个人都听清楚,他说得很慢。 He spoke slowly_____ . =_____ ,he spoke slowly. to give us a talk / lecture (in order / so as)to make everyone hear him clearly In order to / To make everyone hear him clearly 注意：(1)动词不定式作主语,相当于名词或代词,往往用形式主语代替,将不定式后置。如： To learn a foreign language is not easy. =It is not easy to learn a foreign language. 学习一门外语并不容易。 (2)作宾语(5年2考)：不定式用在及物动词后作宾语,其后跟补足语时常用it作形式宾语,而将不定式后置,常用在think, find, feel后, 如： We found it easy to learn English. 我们发现学英语是容易的。 (it是形式宾语,不定式 to learn English是真正的宾语,easy是宾语补足语) 3. 常接不定式作宾语的动词有expect, hope, wish, plan, want, promise, offer, choose, decide, agree, refuse, afford, manage, fail, prove, seem, pretend(假装),hesitate(犹豫),would like等,常见这类词表示命令、打算或希望。 如：He offered to take us to the park. 他主动提出带我们去公园。 注意：help后面的to可以省略。 如：He helped (to) do some housework. 他帮忙做了一些家务。 4. 常接不定式作宾补的动词有ask, tell, teach, want, wish, warn, allow, force, would like, help, encourage, advise, order, invite, persuade等。 如：I advised him to read more English books after class. 我建议他课后多看英文书。 注意：help sb. to do中的t ... ...
