一轮英语语法之九：虚拟语气 【预习案】 语气的分类: 陈述语气：叙述或询问事实。 Who was it that they wanted to help 祈使语气:表命令、请求、劝告、指示、邀请或禁止等。 Please come over here. Would you be so kind as to lend me a hand Watch your steps! 虚拟语气：表示说话人的主观愿望、猜疑、建议或与_____不符的假设等，而不表示客观存在的事实。 If I were a bird, I would be able to fly in the air. I wish I could pass the examination. 虚拟语气： 虚语气的构成体现在_____的形式上。 非真实条件类：时态往发生的过去推一步： （1）标志词：wish, as if, would rather, if only… ① I didn’t go to the party, but I do wish I _____(go) there. ② They are talking as if they _____(be) friends for years. ③ If only our dream had come true! ④ I would rather you _____(stay) at home now/tomorrow. （2） 条件句 时间 句型 例句 现在 If sb did sth, sb would do sth. If they were no gravity, we should not be able to walk. 过去 If you had come a few minutes earlier，you would have met him. 将来 If it rained/were to rain/should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 错综时间条件句: If you had followed my advice just now(_____), you would be better now（_____）. If I were you，I _____(不会错过, miss) the film last night. 含蓄型虚拟语气： I lost your address. Otherwise, I _____(visit) you long before. ② He _____(give) you more help, but he was too busy. ③ Without/but for your timely help, we couldn't _____(finish) our task. （3） 情态动词： should (not) have done sth _____ could/might have done sth. _____ needn’t have done sth. _____. （4）本打算/本计划… had planned to do sth =._____ （5）句型It is high time that sb did/should do sth. It’s high time that we _____ (leave). 强烈的个人主张类: D I S C R O P +that sb (should) do sth 适用于各种变形从句： ① She required that all the homework _____(hand) in by next morning. ② It was required by her that all the homework _____(hand) in by next morning. ③ Her requirement was that all the homework _____(hand) in by next morning. ④ This was her requirement that all the homework_____(hand) in by next morning. 用于It is natural/necessary/strange/essential/important/surprising…that sb (should) do 结构 It's vital that you (should) make a decision right now . It’s strange that he _____(leave) without telling us. 【当堂训练】 选择题: 【2018年北京卷】 They might have found a better hotel if they _____ a few more kilometers. A. drove B. would drive C. were to drive D. had driven. （2017天津卷15）. —Do you have Betty’s phone number —Yes. Otherwise, I _____ able to reach her yesterday. A. hadn’t been B. wouldn’t have been C. weren’t D. wouldn’t be 【2016·北京】34. Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week If you _____ me, I could have helped. A. told B. had told C. were to tell D. would tell 【2016·天津】15. I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I _____. A. were injured B. would be injured C. had been injured D. would have been injured 5) 【2016·浙江】15. Had the governments and scientists not worked together ... ...
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