Module 5 Cartoons 语法讲解+写作练习(含答案) 外研版八年级英语下册

Module 5 语法讲解+写作 语法归纳 一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时的区别 1．一般现在时 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性发生的动作或存在的状态。在表示客观真理、科学事实及格言等时也要用一般现在时。常用的时间状语有 often , usually , always , sometimes , every week ( day , year , month ...), once a week , on Sundays .如： I often go to school on foot .我经常步行去上学。 She likes bread , but she doesn ' t like pizza . 她喜欢吃面包，但不喜欢吃比萨饼。 The sun always rises in the east , 太阳总是从东方升起。 2．一般过去时 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态；或表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作或行为；或用来描述过去先后发生的几个动作。常用的时间状语有 just now , yesterday , last week , an hour ago , the other day , in 1982等。如： Mr Smith came to see you just now . 史密斯先生刚才来看过你。 Betty often helped me when we were middle school students . 上中学时贝蒂经常帮我。 I got up late , so I missed the early bus yesterday .昨天我起晚了，所以错过了早班公共汽车。 3．现在完成时 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或结果；或表示从过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态；或强调直到现在为止的生活经历。常用的时间状语有 already , yet , just , never , ever , once , twice , for 或 since 引导的时间状语等。如： I have already finished my lunch . 我已经吃过午饭了。 He has never been late for school . 他上学从未迟到过。 I have lived here for about ten years . 我住在这里大约10年了。 We have been very busy since the new term began .新学期开始以来，我们一直很忙。 4．一般过去时和现在完成时的区别 (1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调过去的动作；现在完成时表示的动作与现在有关联或对现在有影响，强调的是对现在的影响。 (2）一般过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。(3）现在完成时还可以表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如： live , teach , learn , work , study , know 等。 (4）句子中没有时间状语时，谓语动词是用一般过去时还是用现在完成时，取决于该动作是否对现在有影响。 (5）句子中如有表示过去的时间状语（如 yesterday , last week , in 2012）时，不能用现在完成时，要用一般过去时。如： I have seen the film . 我看过这部电影了。（强调现在已经了解了电影内容） I saw the film yesterday . 我昨天看了这部电影。（强调昨天发生的动作） 跟踪练习 单项选择 1.- Where you the book I can ' t see it anywhere . - I it right here just now . But now it ' s gone . A . did ; put ; put B . have ; put ; put C . did ; put ; have put D . have ; put ; have put 2.We haven ' t heard from Jane for a long time . What do you suppose to her A . was happening B . happens C . has happened D . happened 3.Hello. I you were in London . How long here A . don ' t know ; were you B . hadn ' t known ; are you C . haven ' t known ; are you D . didn ' t know ; have you been 4.I' m glad to tell you that we the work in less time than we expected to . A . finished ; were B . have finished ; are C . have finished ; were D . had finished ; were 5. When I was at college I three foreign languages but I all except a few words of each . A ... ...