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课件网) Human Biology Unit 9 Focus on Language The Perfect 完成时态 Pay attention to the underlined parts and get the structure they use. I have visited California every summer since I was 18. I have been painting the house all day. I'm exhausted. The train had left before we arrived at the station. He had been studying English for two years before he went to London. Present Perfect: have/has + v-ed Present Perfect Continuous: have/has been + v-ing Past Perfect: had + v-ed Past Perfect Continuous: had been + v-ing Now, let’s learn more about the perfect. Present Perfect Present Perfect Continuous Past Perfect Past Perfect Continuous The Perfect 1. 构成 1. I have enjoyed working in this job. 2. She has thought about it for a long time. 3. They have all agreed that it is the best course of action. 我喜欢这份工作。 她已经想了很久了。 他们都已经同意这是最好的行动方针。 现在完成时的构成: have/has + v-ed Present Perfect(现在完成时) 2. 用法 动作发生在过去， 强调对现在的结果、影响等。 1. He has been away from the city. 2. Someone has broken the window. 3. I've got a letter from my aunt. 他已离开这个城市。 (结果：他不在这个城市。) 有人把窗户打破了。 (结果：窗户仍破着。) 我收到姨母的一封信。 (结果：因此知道她的近况。) 表示动作发生在过去，并且一直持续到现在， 甚至还可能继续下去， 句中使用持续性动词， 且常有表示一段时间的时间状语。 1. He has taught in our school for 30 years. 2. He has been busy since last week. 3. We've lived here for over ten years. 他在我们学校教书已有30年了。 自上个星期以来他一直很忙。 我们在这里住了10多年了。 1. I have been waiting for him for the past hour. 2. Ai has been studying all day. 3. She has been running in a lot of races recently. 现在完成进行时的构成: have/has been + v-ing 1. 构成 (and he still hasn't arrived) (and she is still studying now) (and she hasn't stopped this) Present Perfect Continuous(现在完成进行时) 2. 用法 ① I've been looking for my dog and still haven't found it. ② Her eyes are red. Has she been crying the action started in the past and continue in the present Past Present Future the action started in the past and have just finished but we are interested in the result Past Present Future 现在完成进行时表示 动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在； 或者始于过去，现在刚刚终止，但注重的是结果。 (1) A private detective has been tailing (跟踪) him for several weeks. (2) Craig loves outdoor activities - he skis in winter and has been fishing and hunting since he was a child. 一位私人侦探几个星期以来一直在跟踪他。 Craig热爱户外活动，冬天他去滑雪，他从小就 开始钓鱼和打猎。 现在完成进行时常与表示一段时间的状语连用。 例如：all the time, this week, all night, these few days, for…, since…等。 (1) I've been designing solar racing cars. (2) I've designed five or six different cars. 我一直在设计太阳能赛车。 我已经设计五六辆小汽车了。 1. 在不同时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时 的动作不一定已经完成，很可能持续下去， 而现在完成时一般表示动作已经完成。 即现在完成进行时 ... ...
