11并列句和状语从句 并列句 并列连词 用法 例句 And,not only...but also...,both...and...,neither...nor...等 表并列或递进关系 There the air is clean and the mountains are green.那里空气清新，千山一碧。 but,yet,not...but...,nevertheless 等 表转折关系。 The failure was a big blow to him, but he wasn't discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.这次失败对他是个很大的打击，但他并没有灰心，很快便像以前一样充满热情。 while 作并列连词时，强调两种情况的对比。 I like black coffee while he prefers it with milk.我爱（喝）黑咖啡，而他更喜欢（喝）加牛奶的（咖啡） or，either...or...等 表选择关系。 Either you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you.要么你改进工作，要么我就辞退你。 for，so等 表因果关系。for连接的分句一般不放在句首。 The leaves of trees are falling, for it's already autumn. 树叶掉落，因为秋天已经到了。 Some animals carry seeds from one place to another,so plants can be spread to new places.一些动物将种子从一个地方带到另一个 地方，因此植物（的种子）可以被传播到新的地方。 and，or等 表条件或结果，常用于“祈使句＋and／or＋陈述句”句型中。 Move out of the way, or the truck cannot get past you.让出路来，否则卡车无法从你身旁通过。 种 类 从属连词 例 句 说 明 时 间 状 从 When whenever When I came into the room, he was writing a letter.当我进屋时，他正在写信。 We shall go there whenever we are free.我们什么时间有空，我们就去那里。 when指的是“某一具体的时间” whenever指的是“在任何时间” when I was walking along the street when suddenly someone patted me on the shoulder from behind.我正在街上走着，这时忽然有人从后面拍我的肩膀。 when意为“这时”或“在那个时候”,可以看作是并列句,这种用法的when分句一般位于句末。 while While it was raining, they went out.天下雨的时候，他们出去了。 I stayed while he was away.他不在的时候我在。 while指“在某一段时间里”，“在…期间”，while引导的动作必须是持续性的 as He hurried home, looking behind as he went. 他赶快回家，不时地一边走一边向后看。 as引导持续性动作，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生 before Be a pupil before you become a teacher.先做学生，再做先生。 after He arrived after the game started.比赛开始后，他到了。 till We waited till (until)he came back .我们一直等到他回来。 如主句动词是持续性动作，常用肯定式，表示“直到…为止” until She didn’t stop working until eleven o’clock .她到11点钟才停止工作。 Until he had passed out of sight, she stood there. 她站在那里看着，直到看不见他的身影。 如主句动词是瞬间动词，常用否定式，表示“直…才”“在…以前不”,从句放在句首表示强调，一般用until since as soon as Great changes have taken place in China since 1978. 自从1978年以来中国发生了巨大的变化。 As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I’ll write to you.我一到上海就给你写信。 状语从句在主句之前时一般用逗号与主句分开，如从句在主句之后则不必用标点符号。 hardly…when no sooner…than I had hardly got home when it began to rain. 我刚一到家，就下雨了。=Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had we got to the station than the train left. 我们刚到车站，火车就走了。 Hardly had we begun when we were told to stop.我们刚开始 ... ...
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