(
课件网) 第二讲 掌握英语必备构词法 考点突破 · 精讲即练 主要构词法归纳表 前 缀 表示否定或相反意义的前缀 dis-， mis-， un-， il-， im-， in-， ir-， non-， anti- disagree, misunderstand, unwilling, illegal， impossible, independent, irrelevant, nonstop， antivirus 前 缀 形容词变动词的前缀 en- able→enable, large→enlarge, rich→enrich 其他 inter-(相互)，over-(超过), re-(重新)， ex-(以前的), super-(超)，vice-(副) interaction, overweight, reuse, ex-husband, supernatural, vice-chairman 后 缀 形容词 加-ly变 成副词 -ly real→really 动词或名词变形容词的后缀 -able，-ful，-ous，-y，-al，-ible，-ive，-ary nature→natural, use→useful, continue→continuous, health→healthy 后 缀 动词变名词的后缀 -al，-ance，-ence，-tion，-ssion，-ment，-ture，-y arrive→arrival, appear→appearance, exist→existence, invite→invitation 形容词变名词的后缀 -cy，-dom，-ence，-th，-age，-ty，-ity fluent→fluency, wise→wisdom, silent→silence, safe→safety 后 缀 表示人 的后缀 -er，-or，-ist，-ee，-ess，-ese，-an，-ian，-ant teacher, inventor, artist, employee, princess, Chinese, American, musician, servant 表示否定的后缀 -less hopeless, endless, fearless, careless, treeless,meaningless 后 缀 形容词变动词的后缀 -en，-fy broad→broaden, class→classify 名词变动词的后缀 -ize apology→apologize 转化 名词→动词 back n．背→vt.支持，seat n．座位→vt.容纳 动词→名词 walk v．→take a walk, survey v．→make a survey 形容词→动词 slow adj.慢的→v.缓慢 合成 名词＋名词→名词 classroom, teamwork, newspaper 形容词＋名词→名词 blackboard, highway, mainland 副词＋名词→名词 overcoat, underground, outbreak 副词＋动词→动词 update, overlook 名词＋动词→动词 sunbathe, proofread 名词＋动词-ed形式→形容词 man-made, hand-made, updated 合成 形容词＋动词-ing形式→形容词 good-looking, easy-going, ordinary-looking 即时演练 Ⅰ.根据汉语意思及构词法写出派生词或合成词 1．_____ n. 看孩子的人 2．_____ n. 快餐 3．_____ adj.好心肠的 4．_____ adj.中年的 5．_____ adj.两岁大的 6．happy adj.高兴的→_____ adj.不高兴的 7．develop vt.发展→_____ n．发展 8．employ vt.雇用→_____ n．失业 baby-sitter fast-food kind-hearted middle-aged two-year-old unhappy development unemployment Ⅱ.英译汉(注意黑体转化词的用法) 1．He shouldered his way through the crowd. _____。 2．We will try our best to better our living conditions. _____。 3．He didn't know the difference between right and wrong. _____ 他用肩膀推开人群前进 我们将尽力改善我们的生活条件 他不辨是非。 集训夯基 · 素养提能 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．In a good _____(marry), both husband and wife work hard to solve any problems that arise. 2．The far side of the moon is of particular _____ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so than the familiar near side. marriage interest 3．Chinese New Year is a _____ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring. 4．Filled with _____ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 5．Historical _____ (accurate) is im ... ...
