长难句分析（一） 句子结构 根据用途句子分为陈述句，疑问句，祈使句和感叹句。 陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述说话人的看法 Between the two buildings lies a garden. 一般疑问句 将陈述句中的（be动词，助动词，情态动词）提到主语之前，通常用yes/no回答，或者其他可代替的表达方式 -Can you help me with my English -With pleasure. 特殊疑问句 用来对句子的特殊部分进行提问的疑问句 -Why did the teacher praise you -He praised me because I have made great progress in English. 选择疑问句 提供两种及两种以上的可能性，供对方选择的疑问句 -Shall we go there by bus or by train -By train. 反问疑问句 陈述句+一个简略形式的疑问句 Reading aloud is very important in learning English, isn’t it 祈使句 表示请求、命令、叮嘱、号召等的句子 Do remember to close the door and windows before you go out! 感叹句 表示说话时的惊异、喜悦、气氛等情绪 What useful information you gave us! What a pity it is you didn’t pass the College Entrance Examination. 根据结构分可为简单句、并列复合句和主从复合句。 简单句概述: 只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语) 即只包含一个主谓结构的句子叫简单句。也就是说，各个句子成分均由单词或短语充当的句子叫简单句。 More and more Chinese people are learning English now. My father and mother go to work at 7am and come back home at 6pm. 简单句的六种基本句型结构 主语+系动词+表语 All the students are on the playground. I am happy. 主语+谓语（不及物动词） We work hard at English. He doesn’t work here any longer. 主语+谓语（及物动词）+宾语 Of all the subjects, I like English and maths most. Xiao Li has made great progress in his study of physics. 主语+谓语（及物动词）+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语） He promised me to buy me a bike as a present on my birthday. 主语+谓语（及物动词）+复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语） On arriving there, I found the meeting over. The students often keep their classroom clean and tidy. There be句型（可用不同的时态和情态动词） There have been major changes in advertising in the past sixty years. There must have been great achievements made. 并列复合句概述: 一个句子包含有两个或更多互不依从的主谓结构，这些主谓结构各构成一个分句，由并列连词连接在一起，就是并列复合句。 主从复合句概述: 由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子叫主从复合句。主句为句子的主体，从句从属于主句并充当主句的一个成分。根据从句在句中的句法功能，从句可分为：名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句。 名词性从句概述： 名词性从句的功能相当于名词。根据其在句中充当的成分，可分为：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 并列关系 and not only…but also… neither...nor The sun came out and the grass dried. Not only does Xiao Zhang often write to me, but also he often comes to see me. Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice. 转折关系 but yet Fortune often knocks at the door, but the fool does not invite her in. He is poor, yet he is clever and warm-hearted. 因果关系 so/and so It’s foggy today, so we can’t see the distant hills. 对比关系 while/whereas He likes sports, while I’d rather collect stamps. Wise men seek after truth while/whereas fools despise(鄙视）knowledge. 选择关系 or ... ...
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