(
课件网) 动词时态 现在完成时 Present perfect 1 have/has done 、have/has been+n./adj. I have finished my homework. My homework has been finished by me. I have been a teacher for ten years. 表示一个动作开始于过去，持续到现在（甚至到将来）。 常与之连用的时间状语有：lately,recently,in the last (past) few days/years, since then, up to now,so far等 In the past few years, great changes have taken place in my hometown.在过去的几年里，我的家乡发生了巨大变化。 He has written 8 books so far.到现在为止，他已经写了8本书了。 For many years, schools have taught the story of Franklin’s lightning experiment. Our country has made significant advances in different fields in the past few years. So far/To date, Ryan has established two foundations. Ryan has raised a great deal of money since last year. Three years have passed since we left school. 表示过去发生的事情对现在产生的影响。说话者中心在现在，常用的状语有：already,ever,just(刚刚）,yet,before等 He has turned off the light. (= The light is off now.)他已经关掉灯了。 The concert has already started. (=The concert is on now.)音乐会已经开始了。 在“最高级+名词”或“It/This is+the+序数词+time”之后的定语从句中谓语动词常用现在完成时 This is the first time (that) I have come here.这是我第一次来这里。 This is the best tea (that) I have ever drunk.这是我喝过的最好的茶了。 练习 China’s high-speed railways have grown(grow) rapidly in the past few years. She has taught(teach) in the school for ten years. His first novel has received (receive) good reviews since it came out last month. It is the second time that I have made (make) the mistake. This is the best film that I have seen (see). It's well known that the China women's volleyball team has been the national pride since it first won the championship in 1981. It is their spirits of never giving up and the strong determination that have led (lead) them to go through ups and downs in the past years. 过去完成时 Past perfect 2 一件事情发生在过去，而另外一件事情先于它发生（即表“过去的过去”）,那么发生在前的动作要用过去完成时 She had learned some English before she came to the institute. 她在来这个机构前已学过一些英语了。 He said that he had been abroad for 3years.他说他在国外待了3年了。 表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一时间的动作，常用的时间状语有：by/until/before/by the end of+“表过去的某一时间” By then he had learned English for 3 years. 到那时，他已学了3年英语了。 Until then he had known nothing about it yet. 到那时为止，他对此仍一无所知。 在“Hardly/Scarcely/Barely... when... 和 No sooner...than...”句型中，when和than从句里用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时，且用倒装，表示“刚一……就……” 1. He had hardly finished his job when the boss carne in. =Hardly had he finished his job when the boss came in.(需倒装）=As soon as he finished his job,the boss came in.他一完成工作老板就进来了。 2. We had no sooner left the house than it began to rain. =No sooner had we left the house than it began to rain.(需倒装 ... ...
