人教版初三英语-07 Unit7（知识精讲—重点句型+语法）学生版+教师版

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 1.掌握本单元的重点词汇、短语、句型； 2.掌握本单元的重要语法含情态动词的被动语态； 3. 单元话题范文赏析； 4. 掌握完形填空词汇复现的解题方法。 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 青少年应该被允许选择他们自己的衣服。 【剖析】 (1)should be allowed“应该被允许”, 是含情态动词的被动语态结构, 其中should是情态动词, 意为“应该”。注意allow的三种搭配: ①be allowed to do sth. “被允许做某事” ②allow sb. to do sth. “允许某人做某事” Please allow me to carry your bag. ③allow doing sth. “允许做某事” They don’t allow smoking here. He needs to spend more time on his homework because becoming a professional sports star is difficult dream. 【剖析】他需要在作业上花费更多的时间，因为成为职业的体育明星是一个困难的梦。 基本用法: 本句中运用了spend的用法以及动名词做主语。 spend 的用法如下： spend的主语必须是人， 常用于以下结构： spend time ／money on sth. 在……上花费时间（金钱）。如： I spent two hours on this maths problem. spend time ／money (in) doing sth. 花费时间（金钱）做某事。如： They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 在“ becoming a professional sports star is difficult dream”中动名词做的主语。如： Climbing mountains is really fun. 。 Shopping on line is quite popular among many young people nowadays. 注意：当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构。 这时，名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语。 Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. Sixteen-year-olds shouldn’t be allowed to get their ears pierced. 不应该允许16岁的青少年穿耳洞。 【剖析】 get their ears pierced意为“穿耳洞”, 此处pierced是动词pierce的过去分词形式。“get/have+名词/代词+过去分词”结构, 意为“让某事被做”, 其中过去分词作宾语补足语, 表示被动意义, 与宾语之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。sixteen-year-olds 名词，意为“16岁的青少年”,相当于sixteen-year-old boys and girls。 注意： have sth. done意为“让某事被做”, 其中过去分词与宾语(sth. )之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。 have sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”, 其中动词原形与宾语(sb. )之间存在逻辑上的主动关系。 sixteen-year-olds，sixteen-year-old与sixteen years old. sixteen-year-olds“16岁的青少年”，是名词，在“基数词-名词（单数）-形容词”结构中，形容词后加-s表示一类人或事物。例： Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to go out at night. sixteen-year-old“16岁的”，是由“基数词-名词（单数）-形容词”构成的复合形容词，在句中通常做定语修饰名词。例： My pen pal is a sixteen-year-old boy. sixteen years old“16岁”，用来描述人的年龄，常在句中作表语。例： My brother is sixteen years old. We have nothing against running! 我们不反对跑步! 【剖析】 have nothing against意为“毫不反对……”, 其中against是介词, 常和be构成短语, be against “反对……”, 其反义词组是be for意为“支持……”。后都跟动名词形式 against的其他用法: 逆; 对着： It’s difficult to sail against the current. 倚; 靠： His desk is against the wall. 以……为背景： The little red house looks so beautiful against the green woods. 防备; 预防： We bought some warm clothes against the coming winter ... ...