第19讲 There be句型（讲义）-2024年小升初英语复习讲练测（全国通用版）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 小升初英语高频考点专题复习 第十九讲 There be句型 There be句型表示某处存在某物/某人。 如：There is a book on the desk. ↓ ↓ 某物 某处 翻译：书桌上有一本书。 There is+a/an 可数名词单数+地点状语. There is an apple on the tree. 树上有一个苹果。 There is a map on the wall. 墙上有一张地图。 There are+可数名词复数+地点状语. There are four apples on the tree. 树上有四个苹果。 There are some flowers in the park. 公园里有许多花。 There is + 不可数名词 +地点状语. There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里有一些水。 (水是不可数名词,即使有some, be动词也是单数) 注意：就近原则 There be句型中，几个名词并列时，be的单复数形式由最近名词单复数决定。如： There are two boys and a girl under the tree. (two boys 最靠近be动词) There is a girl and two boys under the tree. (a girl 最靠近be动词) 单项选择。 ( ) 1. There _____some water in the bottle. A. is B. are C. have D. be ( ) 2. There _____a pencil and many pens in Tom's schoolbag. A. is B. are C. have D. be 思路点拨：例题考查There be句型中be动词的单、复数。在做题时，要注意根据主语的单、复数形式来确定 be动词的单、复数。 1.本题中的主语 some water为不可数名词, 所以be动词应用is。另外, 要注意There be句型不能与 have 共用。 2.本题中的主语是a pencil and many pens。当句中有两个或更多的主语时, 谓语be动词要和最靠近它的主语保持一致，所以be 动词应用is。 答案 1. A 2. A There be句型的否定： ★ 在be后面加not即可，is not =isn’t，are not= aren’t 注意：句中如果出现some则改成any. 例1：There is a book on the desk.(改为否定句) →There is not/isn't a book on the desk. 例2：There are some books on the desk.(改为否定句) →There aren't any books on the desk. 例3：There are five apples on the tree.(改为否定句) →There are not five apples on the tree. 一般疑问句 把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。 当肯定句中有some时，要改为any(否定变化也一样)。 例如：There is some water on Mars.(改为一般疑问句) →Is there any water on Mars There are some fish in the water.(改为一般疑问句) →Are there any fish in the water There be句型的回答 肯定回答：Yes, there is/are. 否定回答: No, there isn’t/aren’t. 特殊疑问句 提问There be 句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化： 对主语提问： ①当主语是人时，用“Who”提问； ②当主语是物时，用“What”。 注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，提问时一般都用be的单数形式，回答时根据实际情况来决定。 例1：There are many things over there.(对划线部分进行提问) →What's over there 例2：There is a little girl in the room.(对划线部分进行提问) →Who is in the room 对地点提问：提问地点用“Where is/are+主语”。 There is a computer on the desk.(对划线部分进行提问) →Where is the computer？ 对数量提问： ①How many+复数名词+are there+地点短语 ②How much+不可数名词+is there+地点短语 例1：There are two chairs in the bedroom.(对划线部分进行提问) →How many chairs are there in the bedroom There is some water in the bottle.(对划线部分进行提问) →How much water is there in the bottle 结构不同： There be + 名词 +其它. 主语 + have/has + 其它. 意义不同 there be侧重表示“存在” have/has侧重表示“持有/拥有” 两者不可混用 ( ... ...