课件编号20172645

2024 年初中中考英语考前 20 天考前回顾-定语从句(通用版)(含解析)

日期:2024-05-19 科目:英语 类型:初中试卷 查看:47次 大小:51556Byte 来源:二一课件通
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考前,2024,定语,通用,从句,回顾
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2024 年初中中考英语考前 20 天考前回顾 05 定语从句 核心知识点回顾 一、定语从句一般由关系代词和关系副词引导 1、关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that, as 2、关系副词:when, where, why 关系代词和关系副词必须位于从句之首,主句先行词之后,起着连接先行词和从句的作用, 同时 在从句中又充当句子成分。 e.g. She is the girl who sings best of all.(关系代词 who 在从句中作主语) The comrade with whom I came knows French.(whom 在从句中作介词 with 的宾语) 3 、关系代词和关系副词的用法:1)当先行词为人时用 who 作主语,whom 作宾语;2)当先行词为物 或整个句子时用 which ,可作主语或宾语;3)先行词为人、物时用 that ,可作主语或宾语;4)whose 用 作定语,可指人或物;5)关系副词 when(指时间,在定语从句中作时间状语,where(指地点,在定语从 句中作地点状语),why(指原因,在定语从句中作原因状语)。 二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1、限制性定语从句:从句与主句关系密切,去掉从句,主句意义不完整,甚至不合逻辑。 e.g. I was the only person in our office who was invited.(去掉定语从句,意思就不完整) 2、非限制性定语从句:从句对先行词关系不密切,去掉定从句,意思仍然完整。形式上用逗号隔开, 不能 that 用引导。 e.g. Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard day and night.(who 引导非限制性定语从句,整个句子 可分成两句来翻译) 三、使用定语从句时特别注意的几个问题 1 、that 与 which 的区别。 1)用 that 而不用 which 的情况:①先行词为不定代词 all,anything, nothing, … ;②先行词有最高级修 饰,有序数词修饰;③先行词有 only, very, any 等词修饰;④先行词既有人又有物时。 e.g. There is nothing that can prevent him from doing it. 没有什么能阻止他不干那件事。 The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. 在桂林他们所参观的第一个地方是 象鼻山。 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。 Mr Smith is the only foreigner that he knows. 史密斯先生是他认识的唯一的外国人。 2)用 which 而不用 that 的情况:①引导非限制性定语从句;②代表整个主句的意思;③介词 + 关系 代词。 e.g. He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格,这使他的父 亲很生气。 This is the room in which my father lived last year. 这是父亲去年居住过的房子。 3)as 引导定语从句时的用法 ①as 引导限制性定语从句通常用于 the same … as, such … as 结构中。 e.g. I want the same shirt as my friend’s. 我要一件跟我朋友一样的衬衫。 Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China. 我们车间使用的这种机器是中国制造的。 ②as 引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前,也可放在主句之后,用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列 句型:as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。 e.g. As I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 正如我所预料的那样,他在这次期中考试中又获得了第一名。 3)as 引导非限制性定语从句时与 which 的区别 ①当主句和从句语义一致时,用 as;反之,用 which 来引导非限制性定语从句。 e.g. He made a long speech, as we expected. He made a long speech, which was unexpected. ②当非限制定语从句为否定时,常用 which 引导。 e.g. Tom drinks a lot every day, which h ... ...

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