2024年高考英语二模试题分类汇编（新高考专用）专题01 阅读理解（应用文）（有答案解析）

2024年高考英语二模试题分类汇编（新高考专用) 专题01 阅读理解（应用文） （2024·广东广州·二模）Some of the greatest discoveries in science have been completely accidental. Then again, maybe science had a little help... Ice Candy One of America’s favorite summertime treats came about thanks to a particularly cold night in the San Francisco Bay area in 1905. That’s when 11-year-old Frank Epperson forgot a glass containing powdered soda mix, water and a wooden stick out at the doorway overnight. The next morning, Frank discovered the mixture had frozen around the stick. He popped it out of the cup, licked it…and summers were never the same! Safety Glass In 1903, French chemist douard Bénédictus accidentally dropped a glass bottle. To his surprise, the glass cracked but wasn’t broken into pieces. Out of curiosity, he checked it carefully. As it turned out, the bottle hadn’t been cleaned properly and was coated with a thin film of a kind of liquid plastic. A happy accident led to the discovery of safety glass. YInMn Blue In 2009, Mas Subramanian, a professor of materials science at Oregon State University, was testing out new materials for electronics in his lab with graduate students. A mixture of metals went into the furnace. What came out was a striking blue mixture. The first new blue since cobalt (深蓝) was discovered in 1802, is called “YInMn Blue.” Penicillin In 1928, Scottish researcher Alexander Fleming returned to his lab after a two-week vacation only to discover that mold (霉菌) from an open window had made an uncovered dish of bacteria dirty. Strangely enough, the mold stopped the bacteria from growing, giving the world its first antibiotic. 1．Which discovery has a relatively short history A．Ice candy. B．Safety glass. C．YInMn Blue. D．Penicillin. 2．What do the four discoveries have in common A．Science helped a lot. B．Lab experiments laid a basis. C．They were made by scientists. D．They were made by chance. 3．Who are the intended readers of the text A．Science students. B．Curiosity seekers. C．Science researchers. D．The general public. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几种意外的科学发明。 1．细节理解题。根据文章Ice Candy部分“One of America’s favorite summertime treats came about thanks to a particularly cold night in the San Francisco Bay area in 1905.(多亏了1905年旧金山湾区的一个特别寒冷的晚上，美国最受欢迎的夏季美食产生了。)”、Safety Glass部分“In 1903, French chemist douard Bénédictus accidentally dropped a glass bottle.(1903年，法国化学家 douard Bénédictus不小心把一个玻璃瓶掉在了地上。)”、YInMn Blue部分“In 2009, Mas Subramanian, a professor of materials science at Oregon State University, was testing out new materials for electronics in his lab with graduate students.(2009年，Oregon州立大学的材料科学教授Mas Subramanian正和毕业生一起在实验室测试新的电子材料。)”和Penicillin部分“In 1928, Scottish researcher Alexander Fleming returned to his lab after a two-week vacation only to d ... ...